电动汽车用永磁同步电动机设计及研究

发布时间：2018-10-20 11:03

【摘要】：全球能源问题和世界环境问题日益严峻,发展新能源势在必行,新能源汽车尤为重要。在电动汽车驱动电机中,永磁同步电动机受到广泛的青睐,其优点很多,如高效率、体积小、低损耗、高功率密度等。永磁电动机作为电动汽车驱动系统的核心部件,其性能的优良直接影响了整辆车的运行性能。因此,精心设计电动机的性能,制造出性能优良的永磁同步电动机具有重要的现实意义和应用价值。本文比较详细地探讨了电动汽车用永磁同步电动机的设计方案,其中包括永磁电机的设计方法、性能分析、有限元仿真、参数优化等。首先,本文描述了课题的背景与研究意义,综合描述了车用驱动电动机在国内以及国外的研究发展状态,列出了车用永磁同步电动机的一些研究性关键技术研究和发展现状,同时也介绍了实现宽范围调速的弱磁性能及实现弱磁的一些方法的研究现状。接着,根据前章节的叙述,设计一台30kW的电动汽车用永磁同步电动机。通过对电机主要尺寸、气隙长度、极槽配合等参数的对比分析作出选择,设计出一台符合设计要求的宽调速范围的永磁电动机。然后,本文结合电动汽车的结构特点的要求,得出了本文弱磁研究的理论和分析观点依据,分析永磁电机实现弱磁的方法,找出电机中影响弱磁的参数,从三个方面入手总结归纳。从永磁铁的简介开始,分析永磁体的厚度和宽度对电机的弱磁的影响。接下来分析气隙长度对电动汽车用永磁同步电机弱磁性能的影响,最后分析极弧系数对电机弱磁性能的影响。总结分析影响永磁电机弱磁性能的参数,得出最优弱磁方法。最后,对转子磁路结构进行对比分析。通过分析三种转子,对比其气隙磁密、齿槽转矩等参数,得出适合电动汽车的磁路结构。从电机转子两个方面进行优化分析,首先讨论永磁同步电机的转子中永磁体分段对电机性能和电机弱磁能力的影响,对比分段前后电机各项参数及性能指标,总结永磁体分段对电机的影响;随后对电机永磁体之间的夹角进行调整,对比不同夹角的电机的各项性能参数,得出有利于弱磁的永磁体夹角。
[Abstract]:The global energy problem and the world environmental problem are becoming more and more serious, it is imperative to develop new energy, new energy automobile is especially important. Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in electric vehicle (EV) drive motor, which has many advantages, such as high efficiency, small size, low loss, high power density and so on. As the core component of electric vehicle drive system, permanent magnet motor (PMSM) has a direct impact on the performance of the whole vehicle because of its excellent performance. Therefore, it has important practical significance and application value to carefully design the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and to produce a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with excellent performance. In this paper, the design scheme of permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicle is discussed in detail, including the design method of permanent magnet motor, performance analysis, finite element simulation, parameter optimization and so on. First of all, this paper describes the background and significance of the subject, comprehensively describes the research and development status of vehicle driving motor both at home and abroad, and lists some research key technologies and development status of vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). At the same time, it also introduces the weak magnetic performance of realizing wide range speed regulation and the research status of some methods of realizing weak magnetic field. Then, according to the previous chapter, a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for 30kW electric vehicle is designed. By comparing and analyzing the main dimensions, air gap length, pole slot fit and other parameters of the motor, a permanent magnet motor with wide speed regulation range is designed. Then, according to the structural characteristics of electric vehicle, the paper gives the theory and analysis basis of the weak magnetic field research in this paper, analyzes the method of realizing the weak magnetic field of the permanent magnet motor, and finds out the parameters that affect the weak magnetic field in the motor. From three aspects to sum up. The influence of the thickness and width of the permanent magnet on the weak magnetic field of the motor is analyzed from the brief introduction of the permanent magnet. Then the influence of air gap length on the weak magnetic performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor used in electric vehicle is analyzed. Finally, the influence of pole arc coefficient on the weak magnetic performance of electric vehicle is analyzed. The parameters affecting the magnetic weakening performance of permanent magnet motor are summarized and analyzed, and the optimal weak magnetic field method is obtained. Finally, the structure of rotor magnetic circuit is compared and analyzed. By analyzing three kinds of rotors, the magnetic circuit structure suitable for electric vehicle is obtained by comparing the parameters of air gap magnetic density and tooth groove torque. From two aspects of motor rotor optimization analysis, this paper first discusses the influence of permanent magnet segment on motor performance and motor weak magnetic ability in permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor, and compares the parameters and performance indexes of motor before and after segment. The influence of the permanent magnet segment on the motor is summarized, and then the angle between the permanent magnets is adjusted to compare the various performance parameters of the motor with different angles, and the angle of the permanent magnet is obtained in favor of the weak magnetic field.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341;U469.72

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