风力发电机关键部件冲蚀磨损数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-11-06 21:13

【摘要】：针对新疆风电机运行工作环境,对风沙环境中的风电机关键部件冲蚀磨损进行模拟研究。选取风沙速度分别为6.5m/s、12m/s、19m/s、22m/s;选取的风沙气候类型分别为浮尘气候(空气中含沙量为0.356mg/mm~3)、扬沙气候(含沙量为1.206 mg/mm~3)、沙尘暴气候(含沙量为3.955mg/mm~3)、强沙尘暴气候(含沙量为13.77mg/mm~3);选取风沙直径范围为0.053~0.106mm、0.106~0.150mm、0.150~0.212mm、0.212~0.355mm、0.355~0.600mm。在ANSYS-Workbench平台中模拟了不同工况条件下风电机的塔筒、塔筒迎风面局部小块、风电机三叶片整体、叶片叶根部局部小块、叶片叶中部局部小块、叶片叶尖部局部小块的冲蚀磨损。冲蚀磨损数值模拟所得结论如下:(1)在风沙直径范围一致的情况下,改变风沙速度对塔筒的冲蚀区域影响不大。在风沙速度保证一致模拟不同风沙直径范围,塔筒冲蚀磨损不断变化,风沙直径范围增大,冲蚀磨损区域逐步扩大,由点蚀逐渐扩大为面蚀。(2)塔筒迎风面受到风沙的正面冲击,风沙在脱离塔筒边界层时出现了加速现象。截取的塔筒迎风面局部小块与整体塔筒有相似的冲蚀磨损规律,风沙速度较大的影响着冲蚀磨损值,而对风沙冲蚀区域的影响较小,风沙直径范围是影响冲蚀区域的重要因素。(3)风电机三叶片整体冲蚀磨损破坏失效分为三个阶段:叶片的冲蚀磨损破坏形式由初期的胶衣脱离,出现砂眼和裂纹;随后砂眼受冲蚀磨损扩大,叶脊处甚至出现通腔,叶片出现横向裂纹;最后叶片的迎风面布满砂眼严重考验着整个风电机的正常服役。在相同的工况条件,相同时间的冲蚀试验时间时,叶尖部位受冲蚀磨损模拟最大值比叶根部位和叶中部都大一个数量级左右。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the operating environment of wind motor in Xinjiang, the erosion wear of key parts of wind motor in wind-sand environment was simulated and studied. The wind sand velocity was 6.5m / s / s 12m / s / s 19m / s / s 22m / s respectively; The types of wind-sand climate selected are floating dust climate (0.356mg/mm~3), sand-blowing climate (1.206 mg/mm~3), sandstorm climate (3.955mg/mm~3). Strong sandstorm climate (13.77mg/mm~3); The diameter range of wind sand is 0.053 ~ 0.106 mm ~ 0.150 ~ 0.212mm ~ 0.212mm ~ 0.355mm ~ 0.355mm ~ 0.355mm ~ 0.600mm. In the ANSYS-Workbench platform, the tower tube of the wind motor under different working conditions, the local small block of the upwind surface of the tower tube, the whole of the three blades of the wind motor, the local block of the blade leaf root, the part of the middle leaf of the blade, the local small block in the middle of the blade are simulated in the ANSYS-Workbench platform. Erosion wear at the tip of the blade. The results obtained by numerical simulation of erosion wear are as follows: (1) under the condition of uniform wind sand diameter, changing the wind sand velocity has little effect on the erosion zone of tower and tube. When the wind sand velocity is guaranteed to be consistent with the simulation of different wind sand diameter ranges, the erosion wear of the tower tube is constantly changing, the wind sand diameter range is increasing, and the erosion wear area is gradually expanding. The pitting gradually expanded to surface erosion. (2) the upwind surface of the tower tube was directly impacted by the wind sand, and the wind sand accelerated when it separated from the boundary layer of the tower and tube. The local small block on the upwind surface of the intercepted tower has similar erosion and wear law with the integral tower tube. The wind sand velocity has a great influence on the erosion wear value, but has little effect on the erosion area of the wind-sand erosion area. The range of wind sand diameter is an important factor affecting the erosion area. (3) the failure of the whole erosion wear of three blades of wind motor is divided into three stages: the erosion wear failure form of the blade is separated from the initial rubber coat, sand holes and cracks appear; Then the erosion and wear of the sand hole is expanded, and even a cavity appears at the ridge of the blade, and a transverse crack appears in the blade. Finally, the upwind surface of the blade is filled with sand holes, which seriously tests the normal service of the whole wind motor. Under the same working conditions and at the same time, the maximum value of erosion at the tip of the blade is about one order of magnitude larger than that of the root and the middle of the leaf.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

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