风力发电机组传动系统振动故障诊断研究

发布时间：2018-11-07 17:42

【摘要】：随着风力发电机组设备的复杂化和大型化发展,导致了较高的故障发生率。为了确保风力发电机组的安全、稳定运行,需要对其运行状态进行监测,对风力发电机组的状态监测、故障诊断方法进行研究显得十分重要。振动是反映设备运行状态的重要指标之一,所以需要着重对机组的振动信号进行分析。风力发电机的结构较为复杂,特别是传动系统,是整个机组运行的发生故障概率最高的部件。所以,本文以风力发电机组传动系统为研究对象,对其振动问题展开研究:首先本文从风力发电机组传动系统结构入手,详细了解、讨论了各部分的传动原理及可能出现的故障因素,为进一步进行故障诊断研究打下基础;然后,针对机组非平稳振动问题,将近年来一种较新的时频分析方法——希尔伯特振动分解(HVD)应用于非平稳信号的处理,并通过实验与其他时频分析方法进行对比研究,结果发现HVD方法可以有效的避免模态混叠、边界效应等问题,更加清晰的提取了振动信号的特征;第三,针对风力发电机组在升速或降速过程中的振动问题,本文利用阶比分析方法对该类信号进行处理,同时,重点针对无转速计情况下的阶比分析中的瞬时转速的估计问题进行研究,提出了基于HVD的瞬时转速估计方法,从振动信号中准确的提取转速信息,进而进行阶比分析;最后,本文对实际风电场3MW风力发电机组升速过程、降速过程振动问题进行研究,将本文方法应用于实际问题的处理,从结果上来看,达到了预期的效果,从应用的角度验证了本文方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the complication and development of wind turbine equipment, it leads to high fault rate. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine, it is necessary to monitor its running state. It is very important to study the monitoring and fault diagnosis method of the wind turbine. Vibration is one of the important indexes to reflect the operating state of the equipment, so it is necessary to analyze the vibration signal of the unit. The structure of wind turbine is more complex, especially the transmission system, which is the component with the highest failure probability. Therefore, this paper takes the wind turbine transmission system as the research object, carries on the research to its vibration question: first, this paper starts with the structure of the wind turbine transmission system, understands in detail, The driving principle of each part and the possible fault factors are discussed, which lays a foundation for further research on fault diagnosis. Then, aiming at the non-stationary vibration of the unit, a new time-frequency analysis method, Hilbert vibration decomposition (HVD), is applied to the processing of non-stationary signals in recent years, and the experiments are compared with other time-frequency analysis methods. The results show that the HVD method can effectively avoid the problems of modal aliasing and boundary effect, and extract the characteristics of vibration signal more clearly. Thirdly, aiming at the vibration problem of wind turbine in the process of increasing or falling speed, this paper uses the order analysis method to process this kind of signal, at the same time, Focusing on the estimation of the instantaneous speed in the order analysis without tachometer, a method of instantaneous speed estimation based on HVD is proposed, which can extract the rotational speed information accurately from the vibration signal, and then carry on the order analysis. Finally, this paper studies the vibration of 3MW wind turbine in actual wind farm. The method is applied to the practical problems, and the expected results are obtained. The validity of this method is verified from the point of view of application.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

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