一种新型光伏微逆变装置研制

发布时间：2018-11-10 11:14

【摘要】：光伏发电是利用与开发清洁能源的重要方式,而集中式的光伏逆变装置存在体积大,成本高,可靠性差等缺点,使得光伏发电产品难以在民用领域普及。针对这一问题,本文以反激式逆变器为研究对象,对其工作状态进行优化设计,开发出基于软开关的反激式微型逆变器,完成了相应的硬件设计与软件设计,制作了一台250W的实验样机进行相应的实验。本设计总结了几种主流的微型逆变器的拓扑结构的优缺点,提出了一种新型零电压开关模式的单级反激式光伏并网逆变器,该逆变器主电路采用反激型变换器,二次侧的开关器件采用双向开关,可使主开关工作于软开关状态,同时可以提升装置的功率传输能力。本设计分析了装置在开关周期及工频周期的电路工作状态,完成了系统的硬件设计,其中包括主电路器件选型,采样电路设计及控制电路设计等。本设计以主电路小信号模型的分析为基础,完成了系统的软件设计,其中包括并网电流控制,最大功率点跟踪控制等。本设计利用Simulink软件对电路拓扑的运行特性进行了仿真,验证了主电路设计的合理性及控制系统设计的有效性。并在实验样机上进行了一系列的实验与测试,通过实验结果,表明实验样机可以实现微型逆变器的基本功能。
[Abstract]:Photovoltaic power generation is an important way to utilize and develop clean energy, but the centralized PV inverter has the disadvantages of large volume, high cost and poor reliability, which makes it difficult to popularize photovoltaic power generation products in the field of civil use. Aiming at this problem, this paper takes flyback inverter as the research object, optimizes its working state, develops the flyback miniature inverter based on soft switch, and completes the corresponding hardware design and software design. A 250 W prototype was made to carry out the experiment. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the topology of several mainstream miniature inverters are summarized, and a novel single-stage flyback photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with zero-voltage switching mode is proposed. The main circuit of the inverter is flyback converter. Two-way switch is used in the secondary side switch, which can make the main switch work in the soft switching state and improve the power transmission ability of the device. The circuit working state of the device in the switching cycle and the power frequency cycle is analyzed, and the hardware design of the system is completed, including the selection of the main circuit device, the design of the sampling circuit and the design of the control circuit. Based on the analysis of the small signal model of the main circuit, the software design of the system is completed, including grid-connected current control, maximum power point tracking control and so on. The operation characteristics of the circuit topology are simulated by using Simulink software, which verifies the rationality of the main circuit design and the effectiveness of the control system design. A series of experiments and tests are carried out on the experimental prototype. The experimental results show that the experimental prototype can realize the basic functions of the miniature inverter.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM464

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