架空配电线路雷电过电压特性与MOA试验技术的研究进展

发布时间：2018-11-11 10:45

【摘要】：笔者主要介绍了:1)国内、外关于雷暴云闪电的物理过程,特别是下行负地闪放电过程方面的研究进展;2)对架空配电线路雷电过电压数值计算和真型试验研究等进行了分析和总结;3)结合我国近些年配电型避雷器的故障情况,重点介绍了国际上关于重雷区特别是多重雷击下MOA动作负载试验的研究进展,比较分析了GB11032与IE60099-4、IEEEStd66.22关于重负载配电MOA试验技术的差异。主要结论为:1)地闪雷电,特别是下行负地闪雷电放电主要表现为短时间的回击和长时间的连续电流的叠加,同时也包括回击之间的长时间低幅值的连续电流;2)目前建立输电线路雷电过电压数值计算模型的本质都是从麦克斯韦方程推算而来的,不同点在于采用了雷电电磁脉冲产生的电磁场的不同分量;3)雷电直击架空导线或击到架空导线附近造成导线产生感应过电压,流过避雷器的冲击电流为多重电流脉冲并且脉冲之间存在幅值较低的持续电流;4)金属氧化物电阻片在多重电流脉冲下的破坏形式主要是侧面闪络。现有版本的各类技术标准、规范,仍然没有建立与IEC62305-1:2010的附录A给出了的可能组合方式雷电波形感应到架空线路上的感应过电压,对避雷器造成的电流冲击负载的试验要求和程序;5)建议按照IEC62305-1:2010的附录A给出了的可能组合方式雷电波形和参数,建立配电线路避雷器动作负载的试验方法。多重雷电电流冲击试验技术有待于进一步提高。
[Abstract]:The author mainly introduces: 1) the research progress on the physical processes of thunderstorm clouds and lightning, especially the downlink negative ground flicker discharge process, at home and abroad; 2) the numerical calculation of lightning overvoltage of overhead distribution lines and the study of real type test are analyzed and summarized. 3) according to the fault situation of distribution arrester in China in recent years, this paper mainly introduces the international research progress of MOA action load test in heavy mined area, especially under multiple lightning strike, and compares and analyzes GB11032 and IE60099-4,. IEEEStd66.22 's differences in MOA test techniques for heavy load distribution. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the lightning flicker, especially the downlink negative lightning discharge, is mainly characterized by short-time backstroke and long-time continuous current superposition, and also includes the long-time low-amplitude continuous current between the backflashes; 2) the essence of the numerical calculation model of lightning overvoltage of transmission line is derived from Maxwell's equation. The difference lies in the different components of electromagnetic field produced by lightning electromagnetic pulse. 3) Lightning strikes the overhead wire directly or close to the overhead wire, which results in the inductive overvoltage of the conductor. The impulse current flowing through the arrester is multi-current pulse and there is a low amplitude of sustained current between the pulses. 4) side flashover is the main failure mode of metal oxide resistor under multiple current pulse. The existing versions of various technical standards, specifications, still have not been established with the IEC62305-1:2010 appendix A given the possible combination of lightning waveform induction to overhead line overvoltage, Test requirements and procedures for the current shock load caused by the arrester; 5) it is suggested that according to the lightning waveform and parameters of the possible combination mode given in Appendix A of IEC62305-1:2010, the test method of the action load of the lightning arrester of distribution line should be established. The multiple lightning current shock test technology needs to be further improved.
【作者单位】：中国电力科学研究院;国网黑龙江省电力有限公司;南阳金牛电气有限公司;
【分类号】：TM862

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