界面修饰及活性层优化对钙钛矿太阳能电池性能的影响
发布时间：2018-11-12 14:58
【摘要】：2000年以后,新一代太阳能电池迅速崛起。其中钙钛矿太阳能电池成为了新能源研究领域的新秀,其能量转化效率自出现至今,已由3.8%提升到22.1%,完成了其它太阳能电池几十年的飞跃,但是其还有很大的提升空间。所以,钙钛矿太阳能电池能量转化效率的提升仍是光伏研究领域的重大课题。本文首先从相关文献出发,在前人的工作基础上制备基础的钙钛矿太阳能电池,为其优化提供一个平台;其次本文引入阴极缓冲层对钙钛矿太阳能电池的界面工程进行了改善,进而实现对其优化,并从直观物理角度分析了其优化机理;最后本文通过混合溶剂和退火方式的改变来改善PbI_2薄膜质量,进而优化钙钛矿晶体质量,提升器件性能。在第二章中,以ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH_3NH_3PbI_3/PCBM/Ag的电池结构,采取改良的二步旋涂法制备钙钛矿活性层。成功的制备出了基础的钙钛矿太阳能电池,其能量转换效率PCE达到了9.97%、开路电压Voc为0.97e V、短路电流密度Jsc为17.91m A·cm~2、填充因子FF为57.41%。在第三章中,引入不同厚度的Bphen作为阴极缓冲层,从直观物理角度分析其对钙钛矿太阳能电池光电性能的影响,电池结构为ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH_3NH_3PbI_3/PCBM/Bphen/Ag。实验发现阴极缓冲层的插入改善了钙钛矿活性层的表面形态,与阴极形成良好的欧姆接触,优化了器件的光伏特性。当Bphen厚度为10nm时,其开路电压Voc为0.96e V、短路电流密度Jsc为21.92m A/cm~2、填充因子FF为66.24%、能量转换效率PCE为13.91%。与未插入阴极缓冲层的光伏器件效率9.97%相比,提高了近40%。在第四章中,引入DMF与DMSO不同比例的混合溶剂改变PbI_2结晶速率,来分析其对钛矿太阳能电池光电性能的影响。由于DMSO分子与PbI_2分子有较好的配位作用,在相对程度上可以抑制PbI_2析出结晶,当旋涂完CH_3NH_3I溶液后,可以形成PbI_2-DMSO-CH_3NH_3I中间相,进而增强PbI_2与CH_3NH_3I的相对反应程度,从而提升钙钛矿晶体质量。最终发现,在DMF中掺入适量的DMSO有助于优化钙钛矿晶体质量。再有,本文为了进一步降低PbI_2结晶速率,提升钙钛矿晶体质量,将旋涂完不同比例混合溶剂的PbI_2溶液后退火条件改为静置在氮气环境。并研究其使钛矿太阳能电池光电特性的变化。结果表明,静置条件下增强了对PbI_2结晶的抑制作用,优化了PbI_2薄膜,促进了钙钛矿晶体质量的提高。在静置条件下,DMSO混合比例为40%时,器件的光电特性最佳,此时短路电流密度(Jsc)提升到20.23 m A/cm~2、能量转化效率(PCE)达到了13.23%。相对于基础器件效率9.43%,效率提高超过了40%。
[Abstract]:After 2000, a new generation of solar cells rose rapidly. Among them, perovskite solar cell has become a new star in the field of new energy research. Its energy conversion efficiency has been raised from 3.8% to 22.1D since its emergence, which has completed the leap of other solar cells for decades. But there is still a lot of room for improvement. Therefore, the improvement of energy conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells is still an important subject in the field of photovoltaic research. In this paper, the perovskite solar cells are prepared on the basis of the previous work, which provides a platform for the optimization of perovskite solar cells. Secondly, the cathode buffer layer is introduced to improve the interface engineering of perovskite solar cells, and the optimization mechanism is analyzed from the perspective of intuitionistic physics. Finally, the quality of PbI_2 thin film is improved by changing the mixed solvent and annealing mode, and then the perovskite crystal quality is optimized and the device performance is improved. In the second chapter, perovskite active layer was prepared by modified two-step spin-coating method using ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH_3NH_3PbI_3/PCBM/Ag structure. The basic perovskite solar cells were successfully fabricated. The energy conversion efficiency (PCE) reached 9.97e, the open circuit voltage (Voc) was 0.97e V, and the short-circuit current density (Jsc) was 17.91m A cm~2, filling factor (FF). In chapter 3, Bphen with different thickness is introduced as cathode buffer layer, and its effect on photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells is analyzed from the point of view of intuitionistic physics. The structure of the cell is ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH_3NH_3PbI_3/PCBM/Bphen/Ag.. It is found that the insertion of the cathode buffer layer improves the surface morphology of the perovskite active layer and forms a good ohmic contact with the cathode. The photovoltaic characteristics of the device are optimized. When the thickness of Bphen is 10nm, the open-circuit voltage Voc is 0.96e V, the short-circuit current density Jsc is 21.92m A / cm ~ 2, the filling factor FF is 66.24 and the energy conversion efficiency PCE is 13.91. Compared with the photovoltaic device without the cathode buffer layer, the efficiency of the photovoltaic device is increased by nearly 40%. In chapter 4, the effect of DMF and DMSO on the photovoltaic properties of titania solar cells is analyzed by introducing the mixed solvent of DMF and DMSO to change the crystallization rate of PbI_2. Because of the good coordination between DMSO molecule and PbI_2 molecule, the crystallization of PbI_2 can be inhibited to a relative extent. When the solution of CH_3NH_3I is spin-coated, the mesophase of PbI_2-DMSO-CH_3NH_3I can be formed. The relative reaction between PbI_2 and CH_3NH_3I is enhanced, and the quality of perovskite crystal is improved. Finally, it is found that adding proper amount of DMSO into DMF is helpful to optimize the quality of perovskite crystal. Furthermore, in order to further reduce the crystallization rate of PbI_2 and improve the quality of perovskite crystals, the annealing conditions of PbI_2 solution with different proportion of mixed solvents were changed to static in nitrogen environment. The change of photovoltaic characteristics of titania solar cells was studied. The results show that the inhibition of PbI_2 crystallization is enhanced, the PbI_2 film is optimized and the quality of perovskite crystal is improved under static condition. Under static conditions, when the mixing ratio of DMSO is 40, the optoelectronic characteristics of the device are the best, and the short-circuit current density (Jsc) is increased to 20.23 Ma / cm ~ (-2), and the energy conversion efficiency (PCE) is 13.23%. Relative to the efficiency of the basic device 9.43, the efficiency increase by more than 40.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4
[Abstract]:After 2000, a new generation of solar cells rose rapidly. Among them, perovskite solar cell has become a new star in the field of new energy research. Its energy conversion efficiency has been raised from 3.8% to 22.1D since its emergence, which has completed the leap of other solar cells for decades. But there is still a lot of room for improvement. Therefore, the improvement of energy conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells is still an important subject in the field of photovoltaic research. In this paper, the perovskite solar cells are prepared on the basis of the previous work, which provides a platform for the optimization of perovskite solar cells. Secondly, the cathode buffer layer is introduced to improve the interface engineering of perovskite solar cells, and the optimization mechanism is analyzed from the perspective of intuitionistic physics. Finally, the quality of PbI_2 thin film is improved by changing the mixed solvent and annealing mode, and then the perovskite crystal quality is optimized and the device performance is improved. In the second chapter, perovskite active layer was prepared by modified two-step spin-coating method using ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH_3NH_3PbI_3/PCBM/Ag structure. The basic perovskite solar cells were successfully fabricated. The energy conversion efficiency (PCE) reached 9.97e, the open circuit voltage (Voc) was 0.97e V, and the short-circuit current density (Jsc) was 17.91m A cm~2, filling factor (FF). In chapter 3, Bphen with different thickness is introduced as cathode buffer layer, and its effect on photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells is analyzed from the point of view of intuitionistic physics. The structure of the cell is ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH_3NH_3PbI_3/PCBM/Bphen/Ag.. It is found that the insertion of the cathode buffer layer improves the surface morphology of the perovskite active layer and forms a good ohmic contact with the cathode. The photovoltaic characteristics of the device are optimized. When the thickness of Bphen is 10nm, the open-circuit voltage Voc is 0.96e V, the short-circuit current density Jsc is 21.92m A / cm ~ 2, the filling factor FF is 66.24 and the energy conversion efficiency PCE is 13.91. Compared with the photovoltaic device without the cathode buffer layer, the efficiency of the photovoltaic device is increased by nearly 40%. In chapter 4, the effect of DMF and DMSO on the photovoltaic properties of titania solar cells is analyzed by introducing the mixed solvent of DMF and DMSO to change the crystallization rate of PbI_2. Because of the good coordination between DMSO molecule and PbI_2 molecule, the crystallization of PbI_2 can be inhibited to a relative extent. When the solution of CH_3NH_3I is spin-coated, the mesophase of PbI_2-DMSO-CH_3NH_3I can be formed. The relative reaction between PbI_2 and CH_3NH_3I is enhanced, and the quality of perovskite crystal is improved. Finally, it is found that adding proper amount of DMSO into DMF is helpful to optimize the quality of perovskite crystal. Furthermore, in order to further reduce the crystallization rate of PbI_2 and improve the quality of perovskite crystals, the annealing conditions of PbI_2 solution with different proportion of mixed solvents were changed to static in nitrogen environment. The change of photovoltaic characteristics of titania solar cells was studied. The results show that the inhibition of PbI_2 crystallization is enhanced, the PbI_2 film is optimized and the quality of perovskite crystal is improved under static condition. Under static conditions, when the mixing ratio of DMSO is 40, the optoelectronic characteristics of the device are the best, and the short-circuit current density (Jsc) is increased to 20.23 Ma / cm ~ (-2), and the energy conversion efficiency (PCE) is 13.23%. Relative to the efficiency of the basic device 9.43, the efficiency increase by more than 40.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 丁雄P，
本文编号：2327444
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/dianlidianqilunwen/2327444.html
