变压器在线滤油的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-11-14 16:29

【摘要】：本文首先综述国内外有关滤油的技术研究和发展现状,阐述了在线滤油的重要意义与实用价值,并进一步提出了变压器在线滤油装置的设计思想和技术方案。本文深入研究了变压器油的性质、变压器油污染的原因、成分及特征提取。详细的介绍了真空法、沉淀法、离心法等去除污染成分的方法,并对各种技术的优缺点进行比较说明。同时还对气体特征的提取—气相色谱法,水分特征的提取—红外光谱法,流量的采集—节流式流量计法,温度的采集—热电阻法等特征量的提取和数据采集进行说明,并且对温度的控制—热交换法和流量的控制—变频法,进行了深入的研究。变压器带电滤油时,由于油流带电,流速过大时可能导致绝缘材料损坏,从而危及变压器的安全运行,因此需要对变压器油的流速进行监测并实现流速控制,通过调频器和PID配合改变电动机的电压和频率,进而实现变压器油流速的控制,可以实现流速平滑调节,且调节范围大,响应速度快。变压器油温度过高时,导致变压器油寿命缩短,且过滤后的绝缘油流回变压器时,温度过高会引起系统警报。变压器油温度过低时,导致变压器油过滤效果不理想。因此需要对变压器油进行加热,将温度控制在一定的范围内,并对过滤后绝缘油进行散热处理,因此需要对温度进行采集与控制,本装置利用PT100来实现温度采集,采用换热器调节变压器油温度,通过控制换热器的板型和换热介质的流速实现温度的控制,本文通过对比各种换热器的进行换热器选择与设计。最后本文阐述了基于流量和温度自动控制的变压器在线滤油机的整体结构与性能,并以现场应用实例验证。测试数据表明,变压器油在线净化效果良好,完全符合相关规程要求。在滤油期间保护装置均未动作,说明在线滤油的安全可靠,具有实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the research and development of oil filter technology at home and abroad are reviewed, the significance and practical value of on-line oil filter are expounded, and the design idea and technical scheme of on-line oil filter device for transformer are put forward. In this paper, the properties of transformer oil, the causes of transformer oil pollution, components and feature extraction are studied. The methods of removing pollutants such as vacuum method, precipitation method and centrifugal method are introduced in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of each technology are compared. At the same time, the extraction and data acquisition of gas feature extraction-gas chromatography, water feature extraction-infrared spectrum method, flow rate acquisition-throttle Flowmeter method, temperature acquisition-thermal resistance method, etc. The temperature control-heat exchange method and flow-control-frequency conversion method are studied. When transformer is charged with filter oil, because the oil flow is electrified and the flow rate is too large, it may lead to the damage of insulation material, thus endangering the safe operation of transformer. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and control the flow rate of transformer oil. By changing the voltage and frequency of the motor through the cooperation of frequency modulator and PID, the flow rate of transformer oil can be controlled, and the flow rate can be adjusted smoothly, and the range of regulation is wide and the response speed is fast. When the temperature of transformer oil is too high, the life of transformer oil will be shortened, and the system alarm will be caused when the filtered insulating oil flows back to transformer. When the temperature of transformer oil is too low, the filter effect of transformer oil is not ideal. Therefore, the transformer oil needs to be heated, the temperature is controlled within a certain range, and the filtered insulating oil is treated with heat dissipation, so it is necessary to collect and control the temperature. The device uses PT100 to realize the temperature acquisition. The temperature of transformer oil is regulated by heat exchanger, and the temperature is controlled by controlling the shape of heat exchanger and the velocity of heat transfer medium. In this paper, the heat exchanger is selected and designed by comparing various kinds of heat exchangers. At last, the whole structure and performance of transformer oil filter based on automatic control of flow rate and temperature are described. The test data show that the on-line purification effect of transformer oil is good and conforms to the requirements of relevant regulations. The protection device is not operated during oil filter, which shows that the oil filter on line is safe and reliable and has practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM406

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