Stockbridge型防振锤动力特性研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 07:24

【摘要】：架空输电线在风的作用下经常发生微风振动现象,可能导致断股、断线和杆塔、金具的磨损等事故,必须采取有效的防振措施。目前我国生产的防振锤性能存在普遍问题,对防振锤的动力特性认识不足,缺乏有效、系统的理论研究和计算机仿真研究。鉴于此,本文分别建立了防振锤的两种数学模型和ANSYS有限元模型,对其频率特性、功率特性和阻尼特性进行研究,得出的结论可为防振锤的结构设计和性能改善提供参考。首先,综述了国内外关于微风振动防治和防振锤动力特性领域的研究现状;阐述架空线微风振动的产生机理,对常见的防振锤种类及其发展历程进行了详细的介绍。其次,分别建立了FD、FR和FDZ型防振锤的分布质量模型,经进一步简化形成了集中质量模型;根据数学模型列出运动微分方程,进一步推导每种模型中固有频率的计算方法;建立了防振锤的ANSYS有限元模型进行模态分析。再次,分别使用两种数学模型和有限元模型对FD-3型防振锤的固有频率进行计算,并将计算结果进行对比分析,论证每种模型的正确性和简化处理的合理性;使用集中质量模型研究防振锤消耗功率的计算方法,绘制功率特性曲线,并进一步研究了各个结构参数对功率特性的影响。最后,使用分布质量模型研究了防振锤的阻尼特性,推导出通过试验识别系统各阶阻尼比的方法;绘制了FD-3型防振锤的幅频特性曲线;进一步研究了阻尼系数与激振频率的关系,推出通过试验绘制阻尼特性曲线的方法。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of wind vibration often occurs in overhead transmission lines under the action of wind, which may lead to accidents such as broken strands, broken wires and wear of pole towers and fittings, so effective measures must be taken to prevent vibration. At present, there are general problems in the performance of anti-vibration hammer produced in our country, and lack of understanding of the dynamic characteristics of the anti-vibration hammer, lack of effective, systematic theoretical research and computer simulation research. In view of this, two kinds of mathematical model and ANSYS finite element model of anti-vibration hammer are established in this paper. The frequency characteristic, power characteristic and damping characteristic are studied, and the conclusion can provide reference for the structural design and performance improvement of anti-vibration hammer. Firstly, this paper summarizes the research status of wind vibration prevention and vibration protection and dynamic characteristics of vibration hammer at home and abroad, expounds the mechanism of overhead wind vibration, and introduces in detail the common anti-vibration hammer types and their development process. Secondly, the distributed mass model of FD,FR and FDZ type anti-vibration hammer is established, and the lumped mass model is formed by further simplification, and the differential equation of motion is listed according to the mathematical model, and the calculation method of natural frequency in each model is further deduced. The ANSYS finite element model of anti-vibration hammer is established for modal analysis. Thirdly, two kinds of mathematical model and finite element model are used to calculate the natural frequency of FD-3 type vibration hammer, and the results are compared and analyzed to prove the correctness of each model and the rationality of simplified treatment. Using the lumped mass model, the calculation method of the power consumption of the anti-hammer is studied, the power characteristic curve is drawn, and the influence of various structural parameters on the power characteristic is further studied. Finally, the damping characteristics of the anti-vibration hammer are studied by using the distributed mass model, the method of identifying the damping ratio of each order of the system is deduced through the experiment, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of the FD-3 type anti-vibration hammer is drawn. Furthermore, the relationship between damping coefficient and exciting frequency is studied, and the method of drawing damping characteristic curve by experiment is proposed.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM752

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