电机机械故障与电机电流关系研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 09:47

【摘要】：风力发电是目前世界上最受关注的清洁能源发电技术,对于人类社会改变能源结构具有重要作用,对地球环境的未来有深刻影响。风力发电系统在实际运行中会出现故障,影响风电场正常发电,降低风力发电经济水平。因此,对于风力发电机的故障诊断十分必要。目前经常使用的技术是振动信号检测风机故障,应用比较成熟,但是硬件成本高,传感器安装位置受限,且因工作环境恶劣,信噪比不高,维护成本高。定子电流检测法作为一种新型电机故障诊断技术,具有成本低、安装方便等一系列优点,更适合当前风力发电精细化管理趋势,得到国内外研究人员的关注。本文首先介绍了电机主要故障类型和故障诊断技术的现状及发展趋势,研究了国内外相关课题的研究现状。其次介绍定子电流检测法的基本原理和发展现状,对于各类电机故障利用定子电流检测法诊断的原理、发展情况。利用轴承故障特征频率推导轴承故障情况下气隙磁场随时间和位置的变化情况,为推导故障情况下定子电流特征频率做铺垫。本文详细分析轴承故障和气隙偏心故障机理,以电机学、电磁理论为基础,研究故障发生后电机内部参量的变化情况,推导不同故障定子电流特征频率,并进一步得到气隙偏心和轴承故障同时发生时的电机内部参数情况和定子电流特征频率。利用ANSOFT Maxwell有限元仿真软件对电机进行建模,并模拟偏心故障情况,和工程电磁场仿真软件ANSYS Simplorer软件进行联合仿真模拟轴承故障以及偏心故障和轴承故障同时存在的情况,从根本机理上对电机进行故障建模并仿真,Labview软件进行频谱处理,验证理论推导结果的正确性。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation is the most concerned clean energy power generation technology in the world at present. It plays an important role in changing the energy structure of human society and has a profound impact on the future of the earth environment. Wind power system will break down in actual operation, which will affect the normal power generation of wind farm and reduce the economic level of wind power generation. Therefore, for the wind turbine fault diagnosis is very necessary. At present, the commonly used technology is vibration signal detection fan fault, the application is mature, but the hardware cost is high, the sensor installation position is limited, and because of the bad working environment, the signal-to-noise ratio is not high, the maintenance cost is high. As a new motor fault diagnosis technology, stator current detection method has a series of advantages, such as low cost, convenient installation and so on. It is more suitable for the current fine management trend of wind power generation, and has attracted the attention of researchers at home and abroad. This paper first introduces the main fault types of motor and the current situation and development trend of fault diagnosis technology, and studies the research status of related topics at home and abroad. Secondly, the basic principle and development status of stator current detection method are introduced, and the principle and development of using stator current detection method to diagnose various kinds of motor faults are introduced. The variation of air gap magnetic field with time and position under bearing fault is deduced by using bearing fault characteristic frequency. In this paper, the mechanism of bearing fault and air gap eccentricity fault is analyzed in detail. Based on the theory of motor and electromagnetism, the variation of motor internal parameters is studied, and the characteristic frequency of stator current of different faults is deduced. Furthermore, the internal parameters and stator current characteristic frequency of the motor when the air gap eccentricity and bearing fault occur simultaneously are obtained. ANSOFT Maxwell finite element simulation software is used to model the motor, and the eccentricity fault is simulated, and the engineering electromagnetic field simulation software ANSYS Simplorer is used to simulate the bearing fault, the eccentric fault and the bearing fault simultaneously. Based on the fundamental mechanism, the fault modeling and simulation of the motor are carried out, and the frequency spectrum is processed by Labview software, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical derivation.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

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