高容量超级电容器电极材料的设计与制备

发布时间：2018-11-22 20:08

【摘要】：超级电容器寿命长,安全性高,并可以实现快速充放电,是化学电源研究的热点之一。然而,超级电容器的能量密度较低限制了其更多的应用。因此,超级电容器领域的研究关注点在如何提高超级电容器的能量密度。其中,提高比容量是提高能量密度的一种有效途径。本文通过对电极材料和电解液的优化来研究制备得到高容量超级电容器的方法。电极材料的比表面积、孔道结构和导电性对其电化学性能有着直接的影响。一方面,通过优化电极材料的孔道结构和比表面积可以增加活性位点并提高电解液离子传导率,从而得到高比电容。另一方面,电极材料导电性的提高有利于提升其电子传导率从而得到较高的比容量。本文分别对碳材料和金属氧化物/氢氧化物的优化达到了增加双电层电容和赝电容的目的。不仅如此,还可以通过在电解液中增加氧化还原电对从而得到高比电容。这一方法为高容量超级电容器的制备提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitor has long life, high safety and can realize rapid charge and discharge. It is one of the hot research topics in chemical power supply. However, the low energy density of supercapacitors limits their application. Therefore, the research focus in the field of supercapacitors is how to improve the energy density of supercapacitors. Among them, increasing specific capacity is an effective way to increase energy density. In this paper, the method of preparing high capacity supercapacitor is studied by optimizing electrode material and electrolyte. The specific surface area, pore structure and conductivity of electrode materials have direct influence on their electrochemical properties. On the one hand, by optimizing the pore structure and specific surface area of the electrode material, the active sites can be increased and the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte can be increased, thus the high specific capacitance can be obtained. On the other hand, the higher the conductivity of electrode material is, the higher the specific capacity is. In this paper, carbon materials and metal oxides / hydroxides are optimized to increase the double layer capacitance and pseudo-capacitance respectively. Moreover, the high specific capacitance can be obtained by adding redox pairs to the electrolyte. This method provides a new idea for the preparation of high capacity supercapacitors.
【作者单位】：中国科学院长春应用化学研究所稀土国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(21422108,21271168,51472232)资助项目~~
【分类号】：TM53

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