双摆头A轴永磁力矩电机转矩性能研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 07:04

【摘要】：随着永磁力矩电机的广泛应用和机床产业对机电设备性能要求的提高,其在市场上竞争的一个重要影响因素是永磁力矩电机的转矩性能。而直接驱动系统的广泛应用,使电机中的波动都会没有缓冲的直接施加在加工平台上,导致加工工件无法满足平滑度要求。因此,在降低电机的齿槽转矩的基础上提高转矩性能是机床摆头永磁力矩电机的一个重要研究方向,本课题的目的是在保证电机较高的输出转矩以及较小的转矩脉动的基础上有效降低A轴电机的齿槽转矩,本文针对于双摆头A轴永磁力矩电机主要对以下内容进行研究:首先,介绍双摆头A轴电机的结构、特点与原理并介绍其优越性。确定双摆头A轴永磁力矩电机的基本电磁方案、定子槽型、转子磁路结构以及永磁体参数。利用有限元法对样机进行电磁场仿真计算,验证所设计电磁方案的合理性,对样机的性能进行分析与研究。其次,基于电磁场原理分析了齿槽转矩的产生机理与其主要影响因素,并从永磁体厚度选择、极弧系数选择、槽口宽度选择、斜槽等几种常规电机设计参数对齿槽转矩的影响进行进一步分析,通过有限元仿真结果验证方法的有效性。以上文的验证为基础,从永磁体厚度、槽口宽度和极弧系数三个方面的进行效结合,从而对A轴永磁力矩电机齿槽转矩的削弱进行综合性优化设计与仿真分析。通过分析得出结论:将永磁体厚度、电枢槽口宽度与极弧系数进行有效综合优化可以降低A轴力矩电机的齿槽转矩,并提高电机的输出转矩。最后,针对于定子齿顶开辅助虚槽法与辅助槽中心线偏移法的有效结合对电机的转矩性能进行优化与仿真研究。将辅助槽型、槽深、槽个数以及槽中心线偏移四种方法进行综合应用并对双摆头A轴电机的转矩性能进行优化,将四者进行有效结合。同时以此为基础分析了电机的气隙磁密、反电势等其他相关性能,对电机的转矩性能进行全面的仿真研究。通过分析得出结论:对于文中的双摆头A轴永磁力矩电机进行定子齿顶部开辅助虚槽结构,同时合理的结合槽型、槽深、槽宽、槽个数以及槽中心线偏移度会在保证输出转矩的前提下有效削弱电机的齿槽转矩,提高转矩的输出性能与平稳性。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of permanent magnet torque motor (PMSM) and the improvement of mechanical and electrical equipment performance requirements in machine tool industry, the torque performance of PMSM is an important factor affecting the market competition. With the wide application of direct drive system, the fluctuation in the motor will not be directly applied to the machining platform, resulting in the workpiece can not meet the smoothness requirement. Therefore, improving the torque performance on the basis of reducing the torque of the motor is an important research direction of the machine tool swing head permanent magnet torque motor. The purpose of this paper is to reduce the tooth slot torque of A axis motor effectively on the basis of ensuring higher output torque and smaller torque ripple of motor. This paper mainly studies the following contents for double pendulum head A shaft permanent magnet torque motor: first of all, This paper introduces the structure, characteristics and principle of A axis motor with double pendulum head and its superiority. The basic electromagnetic scheme, stator slot type, rotor magnetic circuit structure and permanent magnet parameters of A axis permanent magnet torque motor with double pendulum head are determined. The finite element method is used to simulate the electromagnetic field of the prototype, and the rationality of the designed electromagnetic scheme is verified. The performance of the prototype is analyzed and studied. Secondly, based on the principle of electromagnetic field, the generation mechanism of tooth groove torque and its main influencing factors are analyzed, and the selection of the thickness of permanent magnet, the selection of polar arc coefficient and the selection of slot width are given. The influence of several conventional motor design parameters on the torque of the gear slot is further analyzed and the effectiveness of the method is verified by the finite element simulation results. On the basis of the above verification, this paper combines the thickness of permanent magnet, the width of slot and the coefficient of polar arc, and makes a comprehensive optimization design and simulation analysis on the weakening of tooth torque of A-axis permanent magnet torque motor. It is concluded that the effective optimization of the thickness of permanent magnet, the width of armature slot and the coefficient of polar arc can reduce the tooth groove torque of A axis torque motor and increase the output torque of the motor. Finally, the torque performance of the motor is optimized and simulated based on the effective combination of the stator tooth top open auxiliary virtual slot method and the auxiliary slot centerline offset method. The auxiliary groove type, groove depth, slot number and groove centerline offset are comprehensively applied to optimize the torque performance of double pendulum head A axis motor, and the four are effectively combined. At the same time, based on the analysis of the air gap magnetic density, reverse EMF and other related performance of the motor, the torque performance of the motor is studied comprehensively. It is concluded that the double pendulum A-axis permanent magnet torque motor is constructed with auxiliary virtual slot at the top of the stator tooth, and the groove type, groove depth and slot width are reasonably combined. The number of grooves and the offset of the centerline of the grooves can effectively weaken the torque of the motor and improve the output performance and stability of the motor on the premise of ensuring the output torque.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM359.6

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