基于反激变换器的太阳能电池的均衡补偿

发布时间：2018-12-08 15:32

【摘要】：从当前的能源现状的分析中,太阳能发电成为未来能源的主要趋势。太阳能是一种新的清洁能源,它具有取之不尽用之不竭的优点,因此对太阳能电池的研究是非常有必要的。本论文的研究内容的重点主要为光伏板遮蔽问题以及采用合适的均衡补偿电路提高能量的输出效率。本论文选用了适合工程仿真的光伏组件的数学模型,并在PSIM中搭建了仿真模型,模拟光伏组串的输出特性。众所周知,树荫的遮挡、灰尘的存在,都会造成太阳能电池的遮蔽问题。PV板串联在一起,当遮蔽情况出现后,会造成整串光伏板的输出功率下降,同时还会出现多峰值现象,对光伏板的输出效率会造成很大的影响。本论文首先对光伏板的遮蔽问题进行了详细的分析,找出遮蔽问题造成光伏板输出功率下降的原因,然后提出了利用反激变换器实现均衡的原理方案,给出了电路的设计方法,对反激变换器进行了详细的参数设计,同时进行了小信号的建模,设计了合理的控制器。并且进行最大功率点追踪MPPT的原理讲解与设计。在PSIM中进行仿真,同时做出反激均衡样机。本论文采用DSP进行控制,使用的具体的芯片是TI厂家的TMS320F28335,在DSP中完成了程序的控制。最后对样机进行调试,根据波形,验证了该均衡补偿的可行性。论文采用反激变换器,不仅电路简单、易实行,而且成本低。同时解决了多峰值和功率减小的问题。达到指标要求,实现功能。
[Abstract]:From the analysis of the current energy situation, solar power has become the main trend of energy in the future. Solar energy is a new clean energy, it has inexhaustible advantages, so the study of solar cells is very necessary. In this paper, the main research focus is the photovoltaic panel masking problem and the use of a suitable equalization compensation circuit to improve the energy output efficiency. In this paper, the mathematical model of photovoltaic module suitable for engineering simulation is selected, and the simulation model is built in PSIM to simulate the output characteristics of photovoltaic strings. As we all know, the shade of trees and the presence of dust will cause the problem of solar cells. When the PV panels are connected together, the output power of the whole array of photovoltaic panels will decrease and there will be more peaks when the shading occurs. The output efficiency of photovoltaic panels will be greatly affected. In this paper, firstly, the masking problem of photovoltaic panel is analyzed in detail, and the reason why the output power of photovoltaic panel is decreased is found out. Then, the principle scheme of equalizing using flyback converter is put forward, and the design method of circuit is given. The parameters of flyback converter are designed in detail, and the model of small signal is built, and a reasonable controller is designed. And the principle of maximum power point tracking MPPT is explained and designed. The simulation is carried out in PSIM, and the prototype of flyback equalization is made at the same time. In this paper, DSP is used to control, and the specific chip is the TMS320F28335, of TI manufacturer to complete the program control in DSP. Finally, the prototype is debugged, and the feasibility of the equalization compensation is verified according to the waveform. Flyback converter is used in this paper. It is not only simple circuit, easy to implement, but also low cost. At the same time, the problems of multi-peak and power reduction are solved. Meet the target requirements and realize the function.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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