配电网电压质量与电动汽车充电相互影响研究
发布时间：2018-12-29 10:09
【摘要】：电动汽车充电行为具有随机性和不确定性,大规模充电负荷接入配电网会引起电压质量问题,与此同时,配电网电压质量也会影响电动汽车充电的正常进行,其中,电压暂降对电动汽车充电的影响尚未引起关注。因此,研究电动汽车充电可能引起的电压质量问题以及电压暂降对电动汽车充电的影响具有重要的理论和实际作用。本文首先建立了电动汽车充电负荷模型。归纳了影响电动汽车充电负荷建模的因素,包括电动汽车数量及类型、电池充放电特性和充电模式等。基于对主要类型电动汽车用户行驶习惯的统计数据,研究了各自对应的充电模式与充电时间,建立了不同类型电动汽车充电负荷模型,运用蒙特卡洛法计算了电动汽车的充电负荷。针对充电负荷建模假设每日一充以及各日充电负荷一致的不合理性,提出了一种计及周末充电高峰效应的私家车充电负荷计算方法,该方法能够反映电动汽车用户的充电习惯,体现不同日期间充电负荷的差别。其次,利用MATLAB软件搭建了配电网模型,仿真分析了不同规模电动汽车接入配电网后对节点电压偏移、电压不平衡和变压器负载率的影响情况。仿真过程中设计了不同的场景,综合考虑了快速充电与慢速充电、纯电式与插入式电动汽车充电对配电网的不同影响,慢速充电在三相均衡充电与不均衡充电模式下对三相电压不平衡的影响等因素,同时分析了有序充电在改善电压质量方面的重要性。最后,研究了电压暂降对不同类型电动汽车充电机的影响。总结了充电机类型和电压暂降的详细分类,分析了电压暂降对充电机影响的机理,应用PSCAD软件分别搭建了单相车载充电机、三相六脉冲充电机、十二脉冲充电机以及PWM充电机的仿真模型,分析了暂降幅值、持续时间等特征量对不同类型充电机的影响程度,以及母线与充电机之间变压器类型及充电机功率对充电机应对电压暂降能力的影响,并对影响程度进行了评估。仿真结果表明,电压暂降对充电机的影响不仅与电压暂降的强度和类型有关,也与充电机的工作状态有关。
[Abstract]:The charging behavior of electric vehicle is random and uncertain. Large-scale charging load connected to distribution network will cause voltage quality problems. At the same time, the voltage quality of distribution network will also affect the normal charging of electric vehicle, among which, The effect of voltage sag on electric vehicle charging has not attracted much attention. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the voltage quality problem caused by electric vehicle charging and the influence of voltage sag on electric vehicle charging. In this paper, the charging load model of electric vehicle is established. The factors influencing the electric vehicle charging load modeling are summarized, including the number and type of electric vehicle, battery charge and discharge characteristics and charging mode. Based on the statistical data of the driving habits of the main types of electric vehicles, the corresponding charging modes and charging time are studied, and the charging load models of different types of electric vehicles are established. The charging load of electric vehicle is calculated by Monte Carlo method. In view of the irrationality of the assumption that the charge load is one charge per day and the charge load of each day is consistent, a charging load calculation method for private cars considering the weekend peak charge effect is proposed, which can reflect the charging habits of electric vehicle users. Reflect the difference of charge load during different days. Secondly, the distribution network model is built with MATLAB software, and the influence of different scale electric vehicles on node voltage offset, voltage imbalance and transformer load ratio is simulated and analyzed. In the process of simulation, different scenarios are designed, including fast charging and slow charging, and the different effects of pure electric vehicle charging and plug-in electric vehicle charging on distribution network. The influence of slow charge on voltage imbalance in three-phase equalization charging and unbalanced charging mode is discussed. The importance of orderly charging in improving voltage quality is also analyzed. Finally, the effect of voltage sag on different types of electric vehicle charger is studied. The types of charging machines and the detailed classification of voltage sag are summarized. The mechanism of voltage sag on chargers is analyzed. The single-phase on-board charger and three-phase six-pulse charger are built by using PSCAD software. The simulation models of twelve pulse chargers and PWM chargers are analyzed, and the influence of the characteristics such as the temporary decrease value and duration on the different types of rechargeers is analyzed. The influence of transformer type between bus and charger and the power of charger on the voltage sag ability of charger is evaluated. The simulation results show that the effect of voltage sag on the charger is not only related to the intensity and type of voltage sag, but also to the working state of the charger.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM711
本文编号：2394699
[Abstract]:The charging behavior of electric vehicle is random and uncertain. Large-scale charging load connected to distribution network will cause voltage quality problems. At the same time, the voltage quality of distribution network will also affect the normal charging of electric vehicle, among which, The effect of voltage sag on electric vehicle charging has not attracted much attention. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the voltage quality problem caused by electric vehicle charging and the influence of voltage sag on electric vehicle charging. In this paper, the charging load model of electric vehicle is established. The factors influencing the electric vehicle charging load modeling are summarized, including the number and type of electric vehicle, battery charge and discharge characteristics and charging mode. Based on the statistical data of the driving habits of the main types of electric vehicles, the corresponding charging modes and charging time are studied, and the charging load models of different types of electric vehicles are established. The charging load of electric vehicle is calculated by Monte Carlo method. In view of the irrationality of the assumption that the charge load is one charge per day and the charge load of each day is consistent, a charging load calculation method for private cars considering the weekend peak charge effect is proposed, which can reflect the charging habits of electric vehicle users. Reflect the difference of charge load during different days. Secondly, the distribution network model is built with MATLAB software, and the influence of different scale electric vehicles on node voltage offset, voltage imbalance and transformer load ratio is simulated and analyzed. In the process of simulation, different scenarios are designed, including fast charging and slow charging, and the different effects of pure electric vehicle charging and plug-in electric vehicle charging on distribution network. The influence of slow charge on voltage imbalance in three-phase equalization charging and unbalanced charging mode is discussed. The importance of orderly charging in improving voltage quality is also analyzed. Finally, the effect of voltage sag on different types of electric vehicle charger is studied. The types of charging machines and the detailed classification of voltage sag are summarized. The mechanism of voltage sag on chargers is analyzed. The single-phase on-board charger and three-phase six-pulse charger are built by using PSCAD software. The simulation models of twelve pulse chargers and PWM chargers are analyzed, and the influence of the characteristics such as the temporary decrease value and duration on the different types of rechargeers is analyzed. The influence of transformer type between bus and charger and the power of charger on the voltage sag ability of charger is evaluated. The simulation results show that the effect of voltage sag on the charger is not only related to the intensity and type of voltage sag, but also to the working state of the charger.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM711
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