基于粒子群算法的混合补偿系统无源滤波器容量优化研究

发布时间：2019-02-17 08:27

【摘要】：随着国民经济的发展,越来越多的非线性负载在人民的日常生活中出现。由于电网中投入大量非线性负载,电网的电能质量受到严重影响。为了保证电网稳定的运行,就需改善谐波和功率因数降低问题。由静止无功发生器、无源滤波器、有源滤波器等一系列补偿设备构成的混合补偿系统应运而生,其中无源滤波器以其结构简单、运行成本低、稳定性较高等优点备受关注。但无源滤波器的滤波效果也会受到诸多因素影响,如系统谐波阻抗的波动,元器件的制造误差等。为获得更好的滤波效果,无源滤波器和有源滤波器构成的补偿系统同时使用,而有源滤波器通常作为无源滤波器滤波效果的优化,且其设备容量和无源滤波器的容量和参数存在耦合关系。现有的容量计算方式都是基于传统的功率理论,而传统的功率理论在计算非正弦系统的功率量已不够准确。故本文以混合补偿系统无源滤波器为研究对象,以IEEE Std 1459-2010功率理论为出发点推导新的容量计算方法,并比较不同容量分配方式对其影响,计算无源滤波器的参数,通过改变惯性权重的粒子群算法进行无源滤波器的参数设计优化。首先,详细地介绍了IEEE Std 1459-2010功率理论在单相、三相电路中的计算结果以及“等线路损耗”的等效原则,在此基础上,针对三相三线电路混合补偿系统,推导得到相应无源滤波器和有源滤波器补偿容量,进一步通过算例比较分析了新方法在计算三相正弦电路和三相非正弦电路容量计算的合理性。其次,介绍了单调谐滤波器和高通滤波器的结构和工作原理,研究了不同的容量分配方式对无源滤波器性能的影响,进一步分析了固定容量分配方式对于无源滤波器参数及系统阻抗对滤波效益的影响。最后,介绍了标准粒子群优化算法的原理和运算步骤,并对算法参数设置进行了分析;在粒子群算法中加入线性递减凹函数的惯性权重值,通过比较发现更具有优越性。通过建立一个典型的并联型混合补偿系统的优化模型,针对其中的无源滤波器提出优化目标和约束方式,并给出求解方法,对无源滤波器的参数进行了优化,与传统方设计方法的结果进行了对比,效果更明显。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy, more and more nonlinear loads appear in people's daily life. The power quality of the power network is seriously affected by a large amount of nonlinear loads. In order to ensure the stable operation of power grid, it is necessary to improve the problem of harmonic and power factor reduction. A hybrid compensation system composed of static var generator, passive filter, active power filter and so on has emerged as the times require. Among them, passive filter has attracted much attention because of its simple structure, low operating cost and high stability. However, the filter effect of passive filter is also affected by many factors, such as the fluctuation of harmonic impedance of the system, the manufacturing error of components and so on. In order to obtain better filtering effect, the compensation system composed of passive filter and active filter is used at the same time, and active power filter is usually used as the optimization of filter effect of passive filter. There is a coupling relationship between the device capacity and the capacity and parameters of the passive filter. The existing capacity calculation methods are based on the traditional power theory, but the traditional power theory is not accurate enough to calculate the power of non-sinusoidal system. In this paper, the passive filter of hybrid compensation system is taken as the research object, the new capacity calculation method is deduced from the power theory of IEEE Std 1459-2010, and the parameters of the passive filter are calculated by comparing the influence of different capacity allocation methods. The parameter design of passive filter is optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) with varying inertial weight. Firstly, the calculation results of IEEE Std 1459-2010 power theory in single-phase and three-phase circuits and the equivalent principle of "equal line loss" are introduced in detail. On this basis, a hybrid compensation system for three-phase three-wire circuits is proposed. The compensation capacity of the corresponding passive filter and active power filter is derived and the rationality of the new method in calculating the capacity of the three-phase sinusoidal circuit and the three-phase non-sinusoidal circuit is further analyzed through an example. Secondly, the structure and working principle of single-tuned filter and high-pass filter are introduced, and the influence of different capacity allocation methods on the performance of passive filter is studied. The influence of the fixed capacity allocation on the passive filter parameters and the system impedance on the filter efficiency is further analyzed. Finally, the principle and operation steps of the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm are introduced, and the parameter setting of the algorithm is analyzed, and the inertia weight of the linear decreasing concave function is added to the particle swarm optimization algorithm, which is found to be more superior by comparison. By establishing an optimization model of a typical parallel hybrid compensation system, the optimization objectives and constraints for the passive filter are proposed, and the solution method is given, and the parameters of the passive filter are optimized. Compared with the traditional square design method, the effect is more obvious.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM761

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