基于风光混合储能的微电网控制策略研究
发布时间：2019-03-16 22:26
【摘要】：随着社会的不断发展,人们面临着不可再生能源枯竭和环境保护的双重压力,促使着新能源的快速发展。将风能、太阳能等分布式电源以微电网的方式并入大电网中有着重要的意义,但是由于风、光的不确定性和随机性等因素,微电网的输出功率具有很大的波动性,若直接并网将会对主网造成影响。此外,微电网在并/离网运行模式之间相互切换时,会出现功率缺额、造成冲击和震荡等问题。因此,近年来国内外研究人员致力于将混合储能装置应用到微网系统中,这对提高微电网的供电可靠性有着重要的意义。本文将超级电容器和蓄电池组成的混合储能装置应用到风光互补发电系统中,以基于风光混合储能的微电网为研究对象,对平抑风光输出功率波动和实现微电网平滑切换的控制策略进行了研究。首先,建立各个微电源的数学模型。对光伏电池、风力发电系统和混合储能装置的工作原理进行分析并建立数学模型,利用Matlab/simulink搭建仿真模型。其次,提出基于引入修正系数的混合储能装置功率分配策略。基于超级电容器和蓄电池各自的特点不同,设计混合储能装置的功率分配策略。为了避免超级电容器因能量密度小而达到限值停止工作,本文引入修正系数对超级电容输出功率的参考值进行修正,且根据超级电容端电压的值,实时调整修正系数。再次,对混合储能装置的容量进行优化。基于经济性和可靠性的要求,建立混合储能装置的容量优化模型,利用改进的粒子群优化算法对储能装置容量进行优化;基于功率分配策略中混合储能装置的作用不同,分别设计二者的DC/DC变换器控制策略,为了避免过充过放的现象,加入超级电容端电压保护和蓄电池荷电状态保护控制;搭建风光混合储能系统的仿真模型,基于Los Angeles风电场风速数据和光照强度进行仿真,对本文提出的引入修正系数的混合储能装置功率分配策略在平抑功率波动中的有效性进行验证。最后对基于混合储能装置的微电网并/离网切换控制策略进行仿真验证。利用搭建的微电网模型,对基于混合储能装置的微电网并网/离网平滑切换控制策略进行验证,并对孤网运行时基于实时风光输出情况下的负荷波动进行仿真,验证孤网运行时混合储能装置在维持系统功率平衡中的作用。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society, people are facing the double pressure of non-renewable energy depletion and environmental protection, which promote the rapid development of new energy sources. It is of great significance to integrate wind and solar power into the large power grid in the form of micro-grid. However, due to the uncertainty and randomness of wind, light and other factors, the output power of micro-grid has great fluctuation. If directly connected to the network will have an impact on the main network. In addition, when switching between parallel / off-grid operation modes, there will be some problems such as power shortage, shock and vibration. Therefore, in recent years, researchers at home and abroad have devoted themselves to the application of hybrid energy storage devices to micro-grid systems, which is of great significance to improve the reliability of micro-grid power supply. In this paper, the hybrid energy storage device composed of supercapacitor and battery is applied to the wind-wind complementary power generation system, and the micro-grid based on wind-wind hybrid energy storage is taken as the research object. The control strategy of suppressing wind and wind output power fluctuation and realizing smooth switching of microgrid is studied in this paper. First of all, the mathematical model of each micro-power source is established. The working principle of photovoltaic cell, wind power generation system and hybrid energy storage device is analyzed and the mathematical model is established. The simulation model is built by using Matlab/simulink. Secondly, a hybrid energy storage device power allocation strategy based on the introduction of modified coefficient is proposed. Based on the different characteristics of supercapacitor and battery, the power distribution strategy of hybrid energy storage device is designed. In order to avoid the supercapacitor from stopping working because of the low energy density, the correction coefficient is introduced to modify the reference value of the output power of the supercapacitor, and the correction coefficient is adjusted in real time according to the value of the terminal voltage of the supercapacitor. Thirdly, the capacity of the hybrid energy storage device is optimized. Based on the requirement of economy and reliability, the capacity optimization model of hybrid energy storage device is established, and the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the capacity of energy storage device. Based on the different functions of the hybrid energy storage devices in the power distribution strategy, the DC/DC converter control strategies are designed respectively. In order to avoid overcharging and over-discharge, the super capacitor terminal voltage protection and the battery charge state protection control are added. The simulation model of wind and wind hybrid energy storage system is built and simulated based on wind speed data and light intensity of Los Angeles wind farm. The effectiveness of the proposed hybrid energy storage device power allocation strategy with modified coefficient in suppressing power fluctuation is verified. Finally, the parallel / off-grid switching control strategy based on hybrid energy storage device is simulated and verified. Using the built-up micro-grid model, the smooth switching control strategy of grid-connected / off-grid based on hybrid energy storage device is verified, and the load fluctuation based on real-time wind and wind output is simulated when the isolated network is running. The function of the hybrid energy storage device in maintaining the power balance of the system is verified.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM727
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society, people are facing the double pressure of non-renewable energy depletion and environmental protection, which promote the rapid development of new energy sources. It is of great significance to integrate wind and solar power into the large power grid in the form of micro-grid. However, due to the uncertainty and randomness of wind, light and other factors, the output power of micro-grid has great fluctuation. If directly connected to the network will have an impact on the main network. In addition, when switching between parallel / off-grid operation modes, there will be some problems such as power shortage, shock and vibration. Therefore, in recent years, researchers at home and abroad have devoted themselves to the application of hybrid energy storage devices to micro-grid systems, which is of great significance to improve the reliability of micro-grid power supply. In this paper, the hybrid energy storage device composed of supercapacitor and battery is applied to the wind-wind complementary power generation system, and the micro-grid based on wind-wind hybrid energy storage is taken as the research object. The control strategy of suppressing wind and wind output power fluctuation and realizing smooth switching of microgrid is studied in this paper. First of all, the mathematical model of each micro-power source is established. The working principle of photovoltaic cell, wind power generation system and hybrid energy storage device is analyzed and the mathematical model is established. The simulation model is built by using Matlab/simulink. Secondly, a hybrid energy storage device power allocation strategy based on the introduction of modified coefficient is proposed. Based on the different characteristics of supercapacitor and battery, the power distribution strategy of hybrid energy storage device is designed. In order to avoid the supercapacitor from stopping working because of the low energy density, the correction coefficient is introduced to modify the reference value of the output power of the supercapacitor, and the correction coefficient is adjusted in real time according to the value of the terminal voltage of the supercapacitor. Thirdly, the capacity of the hybrid energy storage device is optimized. Based on the requirement of economy and reliability, the capacity optimization model of hybrid energy storage device is established, and the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the capacity of energy storage device. Based on the different functions of the hybrid energy storage devices in the power distribution strategy, the DC/DC converter control strategies are designed respectively. In order to avoid overcharging and over-discharge, the super capacitor terminal voltage protection and the battery charge state protection control are added. The simulation model of wind and wind hybrid energy storage system is built and simulated based on wind speed data and light intensity of Los Angeles wind farm. The effectiveness of the proposed hybrid energy storage device power allocation strategy with modified coefficient in suppressing power fluctuation is verified. Finally, the parallel / off-grid switching control strategy based on hybrid energy storage device is simulated and verified. Using the built-up micro-grid model, the smooth switching control strategy of grid-connected / off-grid based on hybrid energy storage device is verified, and the load fluctuation based on real-time wind and wind output is simulated when the isolated network is running. The function of the hybrid energy storage device in maintaining the power balance of the system is verified.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM727
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