分布式发电并网孤岛检测技术研究

发布时间：2019-04-07 20:21

【摘要】：随着非可再生能源消耗费用的持续增加以及全社会都意识到保护环境的重要性。许多国家也开始大力发展和大规模推广此项技术的研发和应用,以可再生资源代替那些化石能源。相对来说规模较小的分布式电源作为主力大电网供电系统的一种有效补充,起到了很多作用。包括促进社会向环保、经济、节能、绿色方向发展的作用。当前许多科研人员热衷的课题包括分布式发电还有及其相关的并网技术。在很多方面分布式发电技术可以实现高效率利用资源、极大地减少资金投入和电网的电能损耗。然则就算主电网断电的情况下,本地的负载还可以从分布式电源那里获取电能,这样就极大的增加了电网工作运行所需的可靠性和相应的安全性。可是,凡事都有利弊,分布式发电技术一方面给我们带来丰厚回报,其本身也存在许多亟待解决的问题。首先,最为要紧的问题就是怎样将分布式电源从并网工作状态平稳转变至孤岛工作状态。正因如此,就分布式发电并网系统来说,针对孤岛检测技术的探索与研究具有非常重要的意义。本文另辟蹊径,首先介绍了孤岛效应的概念和理论,其次分析了其发生的原理,分析、探讨并研究了孤岛发生的条件、危害以及孤岛检测的必要性。列举了中外有关孤岛检测的指标标准以及实验验证时采用的反孤岛测试电路。通过分析、研究多种孤岛检测方法的原理的同时也就对比了各种检测手段的盲区问题。对比评价了目前比较通用的孤岛检测方法的缺点及不足。国内外通常是主动检测和被动检测各有一种,两种办法相结合的方式有利于补充各自的缺点及不足。本文提出了一种改进的滑模频率偏移法,通过在算法过程中加入了一个比较过程环节,同时加入了一个小的扰动量,使得负载的相位和电网的相位不会产生大小相等方向相反的情况,同时又在前人的基础上进一步限定频率的变化,使之达到我们想要的结果。并通过Matlab/Simulink仿真实验证明了此方法是可行的和有效的。
[Abstract]:As the cost of non-renewable energy continues to rise, society is aware of the importance of protecting the environment. Many countries have also begun to develop and promote the development and application of this technology on a large scale, replacing fossil fuels with renewable resources. Relatively speaking, the small-scale distributed power supply, as an effective supplement to the main power supply system, has played a lot of roles. Including promoting the role of society to environmental protection, economy, energy conservation, green direction development. Many researchers are keen on distributed power generation and grid-connected technologies. In many aspects, distributed power generation technology can realize the efficient utilization of resources and greatly reduce the investment of funds and the power consumption of the power grid. However, even if the main grid is powered off, the local load can also obtain electricity from the distributed power supply, which greatly increases the reliability and the corresponding security required for the operation of the power grid. However, there are advantages and disadvantages in everything. On the one hand, distributed power generation technology brings us rich returns, and there are many problems to be solved. First of all, the most important problem is how to change the distributed power supply from grid-connected state to island state. Therefore, for distributed generation grid-connected system, the exploration and research of island detection technology is of great significance. In this paper, we first introduce the concept and theory of island effect, then analyze its occurrence principle, analysis, discuss and study the condition of island occurrence, harm and the necessity of island detection. The index standard of islanding detection and the anti-islanding test circuit used in the experiment verification are listed in this paper. Based on the analysis, the principle of a variety of island detection methods is studied, and the blind areas of various detection methods are compared at the same time. The shortcomings and shortcomings of the current general island detection methods are compared and evaluated. There is usually one kind of active detection and one passive detection at home and abroad. The combination of the two methods is helpful to supplement their own shortcomings and shortcomings. In this paper, an improved sliding mode frequency offset method is proposed. A comparison process is added to the algorithm and a small disturbance is added to the algorithm. So that the phase of the load and the phase of the power network do not produce the opposite direction of the same size, and at the same time, the frequency change is further limited on the basis of the predecessors, so as to achieve the desired result. The simulation results of Matlab/Simulink show that this method is feasible and effective.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM61

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