基于MATLAB的单相组串型光伏并网逆变器的设计
发布时间：2019-04-22 10:06
【摘要】：本文以5KW的单相组串型光伏逆变器为主要研究对象,在本文中以更低输出谐波,更高的转换效率,更稳定的运行为目标,将单相组串型光伏逆变器分为两个主要的研究方向:(1)光伏阵列的最大功率点追踪(MPPT)技术(2)并网逆变器控制策略的研究和参数设计。(3)LCL型滤波器的参数设计和优化。针对以上三个研究方向,本文主要的研究工作和成果如下:第一,要对光伏阵列的最大功率点追踪技术进行研究,首先需要分析光伏电池的工作原理,建立数学模型,然后再对单个光伏电池建立matlab仿真模型,最后针对U-P输出特性为多波峰的情况建立了光伏阵列的仿真模型。第二,对于光伏阵列的最大功率点追踪(MPPT)技术,其关键在于如何提高MPPT跟踪的快速性以及防止追踪进入局部最优,针对以上两个问题,先讨论传统的MPPT方法,针对其方法易陷入局部最优的缺点引入基于粒子群算法的MPPT方法,最后针对其大粒子情况下跟踪速度较差的缺点提出基于加入扰动的粒子群算法的MPPT方法,分析运行原理,建立仿真模型,分析仿真结果。证明其方法能使光伏系统又快又准确的追踪到最大输出点。第三,针对光伏并网逆变器的控制策略,首先对单相并网逆变器的控制结构和数学模型进行了简单介绍。随后介绍了电网电压前馈的工作原理,然后分析了电网电压前馈的原理与不足。然后在此基础上介绍了几种经典的控制器,包括PR控制器和准PR控制器,分析这几种控制器的优劣。最后引入了的加入谐波补偿环节的准比例谐振控制器,在具体介绍之前先对输出电流中低次谐波的来源进行分析。然后介绍了加入谐波补偿环节的准比例谐振控制器以及其与准比例控制器二者之间的差别、使用场景,最后对其控制器的参数进行设计。第四,对于单相组串型光伏逆变器滤波环节的设计,在本文中首先对L型、LC型、LCL型滤波器进行比较,介绍了LCL滤波的优越性,然后分析了LCL滤波器设计时的限制条件,最后针对本文中选取的5KW单相逆变器进行LCL型滤波器中参数选择,由于本文中的开关频率与滤波器的谐振频率相近,故在LCL的基础上在其并联电容支路上串联一个小电感以达到消除谐振尖峰的目的。在文章的最后,通过simulink仿真组件建立了文章中光伏系统的仿真模型验证了提出的方法、结构设计以及参数设计的优越性。对输出电流的谐波进行分析然后对比传统的控制策略。并在在文章中进行实验验证。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the single-phase series photovoltaic inverter of 5KW is the main research object. In this paper, we aim at lower harmonic output, higher conversion efficiency and more stable operation. Single-phase cascade photovoltaic inverter is divided into two main research directions: (1) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology of photovoltaic array (2) control strategy and parameter design of grid-connected inverter. (3) LCL filter. Parameter design and optimization of the filter. In view of the above three research directions, the main research work and achievements of this paper are as follows: first, in order to study the maximum power point tracking technology of photovoltaic arrays, we need to analyze the working principle of photovoltaic cells and establish a mathematical model. Then the matlab simulation model of a single photovoltaic cell is established. Finally, the simulation model of the photovoltaic array is established for the case that the output characteristic of the photovoltaic cell is a multi-wave peak. Secondly, for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology of photovoltaic array, its key lies in how to improve the speed of MPPT tracking and prevent the tracking from entering the local optimum. To solve the above two problems, the traditional MPPT method is discussed first. The MPPT method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is introduced to overcome the disadvantage of local optimization. Finally, the MPPT method based on perturbation particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed for the disadvantage of poor tracking speed in the case of large particle size, and the operation principle is analyzed. The simulation model is established and the simulation results are analyzed. It is proved that the photovoltaic system can track the maximum output point quickly and accurately. Thirdly, aiming at the control strategy of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, the control structure and mathematical model of single-phase grid-connected inverter are introduced briefly. Then the paper introduces the working principle of power network voltage feedforward, and then analyzes the principle and deficiency of power network voltage feedforward. Then several classical controllers, including PR controller and quasi-PR controller, are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of these controllers are analyzed. Finally, a quasi-proportional resonant controller with harmonic compensation is introduced. Before the detailed introduction, the source of low harmonic in the output current is analyzed. Then the quasi-proportional resonant controller with harmonic compensation and the difference between the controller and the quasi-proportional controller are introduced. Finally, the parameters of the controller are designed. Fourthly, for the design of filter link of single-phase series photovoltaic inverter, this paper first compares L-type, LC-type, LCL-type filter, introduces the superiority of LCL filter, and then analyzes the limitation of LCL filter design. Finally, the parameters of the LCL filter are selected for the 5KW single-phase inverter in this paper, because the switching frequency in this paper is similar to the resonant frequency of the filter. Therefore, on the basis of LCL, a small inductor is connected in series on the shunt capacitor branch to eliminate the resonance spike. At the end of the paper, the simulation model of photovoltaic system is established by simulink simulation module, and the advantages of the proposed method, structure design and parameter design are verified. The harmonic of the output current is analyzed and compared with the traditional control strategy. And in the article carries on the experiment verification.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM464
本文编号：2462745
[Abstract]:In this paper, the single-phase series photovoltaic inverter of 5KW is the main research object. In this paper, we aim at lower harmonic output, higher conversion efficiency and more stable operation. Single-phase cascade photovoltaic inverter is divided into two main research directions: (1) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology of photovoltaic array (2) control strategy and parameter design of grid-connected inverter. (3) LCL filter. Parameter design and optimization of the filter. In view of the above three research directions, the main research work and achievements of this paper are as follows: first, in order to study the maximum power point tracking technology of photovoltaic arrays, we need to analyze the working principle of photovoltaic cells and establish a mathematical model. Then the matlab simulation model of a single photovoltaic cell is established. Finally, the simulation model of the photovoltaic array is established for the case that the output characteristic of the photovoltaic cell is a multi-wave peak. Secondly, for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology of photovoltaic array, its key lies in how to improve the speed of MPPT tracking and prevent the tracking from entering the local optimum. To solve the above two problems, the traditional MPPT method is discussed first. The MPPT method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is introduced to overcome the disadvantage of local optimization. Finally, the MPPT method based on perturbation particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed for the disadvantage of poor tracking speed in the case of large particle size, and the operation principle is analyzed. The simulation model is established and the simulation results are analyzed. It is proved that the photovoltaic system can track the maximum output point quickly and accurately. Thirdly, aiming at the control strategy of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, the control structure and mathematical model of single-phase grid-connected inverter are introduced briefly. Then the paper introduces the working principle of power network voltage feedforward, and then analyzes the principle and deficiency of power network voltage feedforward. Then several classical controllers, including PR controller and quasi-PR controller, are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of these controllers are analyzed. Finally, a quasi-proportional resonant controller with harmonic compensation is introduced. Before the detailed introduction, the source of low harmonic in the output current is analyzed. Then the quasi-proportional resonant controller with harmonic compensation and the difference between the controller and the quasi-proportional controller are introduced. Finally, the parameters of the controller are designed. Fourthly, for the design of filter link of single-phase series photovoltaic inverter, this paper first compares L-type, LC-type, LCL-type filter, introduces the superiority of LCL filter, and then analyzes the limitation of LCL filter design. Finally, the parameters of the LCL filter are selected for the 5KW single-phase inverter in this paper, because the switching frequency in this paper is similar to the resonant frequency of the filter. Therefore, on the basis of LCL, a small inductor is connected in series on the shunt capacitor branch to eliminate the resonance spike. At the end of the paper, the simulation model of photovoltaic system is established by simulink simulation module, and the advantages of the proposed method, structure design and parameter design are verified. The harmonic of the output current is analyzed and compared with the traditional control strategy. And in the article carries on the experiment verification.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM464
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