活性层和修饰层掺杂对钙钛矿太阳能电池性能影响的研究

发布时间：2019-05-14 06:23

【摘要】：钙钛矿太阳能电池近几年来发展迅速,主要是因为无机-有机杂化钙钛矿材料的很多特性符合太阳能电池的要求。本文主要是对钙钛矿太阳能电池的阳极修饰层和活性层做了一些研究,对于阴极修饰层的研究已经有很多,将PC61BM用PC71BM、BCP、ICBA、C60、ZnO等代替作为阴极修饰层,或者在PC61BM与Ag电极之间插入LiF或者PEIE偶极层,还有研究使用不同的电极(Al、Ag、Au、Ca)等。这些研究都是针对电池的阴极和阴极修饰层。但是影响电池最终效率的不仅是电子传输,还有电子空穴的产生和空穴的传输。如果电子和空穴的传输不对称,那么多余的电子就会被湮灭掉,并不能转化为实际的效率。电子的扩散长度要比空穴的扩散长度短,我们不能只研究电子的传输而忽略空穴的传输。本文对反型钙钛矿太阳能电池的活性层和阳极修饰层的制备做了一系列的探讨研究:(1)研究了器件活性层的制备条件,通过PbCl2对活性层的掺杂,提高了器件的能量转化效率,并且掺杂后的器件回滞现象得到一定改善。这里研究了不同的PbCl2掺杂浓度(PbI2:PbCl2=2:1、PbI2:PbCl2=1:1 和 PbI2:PbCl2=1:2)、MAI 使用浓度(10 mg/mL到40mg/mL,每10 mg/mL递增)和退火时间(10min到40 min,共分为五种退火时间)的优化,得出最优的器件制备条件。通过掺杂器件和纯碘器件的形貌、吸收系数和外量子效率的对比分析,得出掺杂器件的性能优于纯碘器件。最后还比较了两种制备方法下器件的回滞现象,通过J-V图像我们可以得出,掺杂后的器件,回滞现象得到明显改善,提高了器件的性能。(2)基于结构为 ITO/PEDOT:PSS(1%PEG)/CH3NH3PbIxCl3-x/PC61BM/Ag的器件,对空穴传输层PEDOT:PSS做了研究,通过PEG掺杂阳极修饰层PEDOT:PSS发现器件的短路电流密度有了很大提升,能量转化率从7.5%提高到10%以上,并且器件J-V曲线的回滞现象得到明显的减弱,器件性能得到明显提升。这里研究了 PEG选用的相对分子量(200、400、1000、4000)和掺杂浓度(0.5%、1%、2%、4%)。通过电流密度-电压测试、吸收和外量子效率测试、瞬态测试、电容-电压测试、XRD测试分析了器件能量转化效率的提升和回滞现象的改善。
[Abstract]:Perovskite solar cells have developed rapidly in recent years, mainly because many characteristics of inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite materials meet the requirements of solar cells. In this paper, the anode modification layer and active layer of perovskite solar cells have been studied, and there have been a lot of research on cathode modification layer. PC61BM is replaced by PC71BM,BCP,ICBA,C60,ZnO as cathode modification layer. Or insert LiF or PEIE dipolar layer between PC61BM and Ag electrode, and use different electrode (Al,Ag,Au,Ca). These studies are aimed at the cathode and cathode modification layer of the battery. However, the final efficiency of the battery is not only electronic transmission, but also the generation of electronic holes and hole transmission. If the transmission of electrons and holes is asymmetrical, then the superfluous electrons will be annihilated and cannot be translated into actual efficiency. The diffusion length of electrons is shorter than that of holes. We can not only study the transmission of electrons but ignore the transmission of holes. In this paper, the preparation of active layer and anode modified layer of reverse perovskite solar cell was studied: (1) the preparation conditions of active layer of the device were studied, and the doping of active layer by PbCl2 was carried out. The energy conversion efficiency of the device is improved, and the lag phenomenon of the doping device is improved to a certain extent. Different PbCl2 doping concentrations (PbI2:PbCl2=2:1,PbI2:PbCl2=1:1 and PbI2:PbCl2=1:2), MAI concentrations (10 mg/mL to 40 mg / mL, increasing per 10 mg/mL) and annealing time (10min to 40 min,) have been studied here. The optimization of annealing time is divided into five kinds of annealing time, and the optimal fabrication conditions are obtained. Through the comparative analysis of the morphology, absorption coefficient and external quantum efficiency of the doping device and the pure iodine device, it is concluded that the performance of the doping device is better than that of the pure iodine device. Finally, the lag phenomenon of the device under the two fabrication methods is compared. Through the J 鈮，

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