适于ZSI技术可实现短路保护的小型断路器的研究

发布时间：2019-05-21 09:38

【摘要】：随着智能电网的研发与建设,配电系统保护的选择性与快速性也越来越受到重视,而传统的电流整定和时间整定都有其不可避免的弊端。区域选择性联锁(ZSI)技术能够结合电流整定和时间整定的优点,同时兼顾选择性和快速性,但是ZSI技术要求所有的断路器均具有一定的智能化功能,除了最底层的断路器之外,配电系统其他层级的断路器都必须要具备三段式保护功能。而配电终端的小型断路器因不具有短路短延时功能,使得ZSI技术在配电终端系统的应用受到了限制。本文根据交流电磁铁短路环的工作原理,提出了一种新理论来实现小型断路器的短路短延时功能。利用双绕组线圈的去磁效应,在激磁磁势不变时通过控制线圈的接通与断开就可以控制电磁铁中主磁通的变化,进而就可以改变电磁吸力的大小,控制断路器的工作状态,达到短延时的目的。首先,要根据小型断路器的结构和运动特性,区域选择性联锁技术的工作原理,提出双绕组可控电磁脱扣器短路保护的总体方案。然后,通过麦克斯韦方程理论分析推导影响双绕组可控电磁脱扣器在两种工作状态下的最小脱扣电流的主要影响因素。通过matlab软件建立双绕组可控电磁脱扣器的数学模型,通过磁路仿真进一步分析影响双绕组可控电磁脱扣器在不同工作状态下的最小脱扣电流的主要因素,仿真结果与理论分析的一致性验证了双绕组理论在小型断路器中应用的可行性。其次,以小型断路器DZ47-60为参考,通过选取合适的工作气隙,弹簧反力以及关键点的电磁吸力来设计双绕组可控电磁脱扣器的结构尺寸,并进行相应的参数计算。最后,通过ansoft软件对小型断路器的双绕组可控电磁脱扣器进行了3D磁场的建模和仿真。通过仿真结果对双绕组可控电磁脱扣器的结构做出了改进。双绕组可控电磁脱扣器的提出,实现了小型断路器的短路短延时保护,不仅为区域选择性联锁技术在配电终端的使用奠定了基础,还为配电系统的全选择性保护提供了可能。
[Abstract]:With the development and construction of smart grid, the selectivity and rapidity of distribution system protection have been paid more and more attention, and the traditional current setting and time setting have their inevitable disadvantages. Regioselective interlocking (ZSI) technology can combine the advantages of current setting and time setting, and at the same time take into account the selectivity and rapidity, but ZSI technology requires all circuit breakers to have a certain intelligent function. Except for the bottom circuit breaker, the circuit breaker at other levels of the distribution system must have three-stage protection function. Because the small circuit breaker of distribution terminal does not have short circuit delay function, the application of ZSI technology in distribution terminal system is limited. According to the working principle of AC electromagnet short circuit ring, a new theory is proposed to realize the short circuit delay function of small circuit breaker. By using the demagnetization effect of the double winding coil, the change of the main flux in the electromagnet can be controlled by controlling the turn on and off of the coil when the magnetic potential is constant, and then the electromagnetic suction can be changed and the working state of the circuit breaker can be controlled. To achieve the purpose of short delay. First of all, according to the structure and motion characteristics of small circuit breakers and the working principle of regioselective interlocking technology, the overall scheme of short circuit protection of dual winding controllable electromagnetic release device should be put forward. Then, the main factors affecting the minimum trip current of the double winding controllable electromagnetic release under two working conditions are analyzed and deduced by means of the Maxwell equation theory. The mathematical model of the controllable electromagnetic release of double windings is established by matlab software, and the main factors affecting the minimum trip current of the controllable electromagnetic release of double windings under different working conditions are further analyzed by magnetic circuit simulation. The consistency between the simulation results and the theoretical analysis verifies the feasibility of the application of double winding theory in small circuit breakers. Secondly, taking the small circuit breaker DZ47-60 as a reference, the structure size of the double winding controllable electromagnetic release is designed by selecting the suitable working air gap, spring reaction force and the electromagnetic suction of the key points, and the corresponding parameters are calculated. Finally, the 3D magnetic field modeling and simulation of the double winding controllable electromagnetic release of the small circuit breaker are carried out by ansoft software. Through the simulation results, the structure of the controllable electromagnetic release device with double windings is improved. The dual winding controllable electromagnetic release realizes the short circuit delay protection of small circuit breakers, which not only lays the foundation for the use of regioselective interlocking technology in distribution terminals, but also provides the possibility for full selective protection of distribution systems.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM561

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