基于异靛蓝的阴极界面修饰材料及其在有机太阳能电池中的应用
发布时间：2019-05-29 08:18
【摘要】：体异质结(BHJ)有机太阳能电池(OSCs)在近年来以合成多样性、质量轻、可以应用于大面积卷对卷生产以及在多变性的器件等优点吸引人们的眼球。特别是最近一段时间,OSCs的光电能量转换效率已经达到里程碑式的11%。许多科研工作在材料的研发、器件结构的调控优化以及界面工艺的提升,并取得到了长足的进步。阴极界面修饰层是位于光活性层与阴极金属电极之间一层材料,由于其具有可以改善激子的拆分与扩散,减小串联电阻等优点,因此引入阴极界面修饰层可以成为OSCs器件工艺中影响器件性能的重要因素。相比于传统的无机阴极界面修饰材料,如氟化铯和氟化锂等,具有水/醇溶解性的有机阴极界面修饰材料不仅可以在水和氧气环境下显示出更稳定的特点,而且材料优良的溶解性可以与光活性层材料产生更好的欧姆接触。同样相比于聚合物阴极界面修饰材料,有机小分子阴极界面修饰材料由于分子结构简单、易于提纯和调控、不存在批次纯度不同等问题的优势,越来越受科研工作者们的关注。在本论文中,我们首先合成了一系列离子型异靛蓝衍生物作为阴极界面修饰材料,通过改变其分子周围基团与官能团观察它们不同的物理化学性质。然后将不同基团/官能团修饰的异靛蓝衍生物利用旋涂方法制备成为阴极界面修饰层,探究不同基团/官能团修饰的异靛蓝衍生物材料作为阴极界面修饰层光伏器件性能。1、第二章中,我们通过Suzuki偶联反应与离子化反应合成了六种离子型异靛蓝化合物:IID-PyBr、IID-NSB、IIDPh-PyBr、IIDPh-NSB、IIDTh-PyBr和IIDTh-NSB。我们利用了核磁、质谱、元素分析等表征测试对其分子结构进行确认。这六个分子在水和甲醇中皆具有较好的溶解性但不溶于氯苯、邻二氯苯等溶剂。随后我们通过紫外可见吸收以及循环伏安测试对这六种离子型异靛蓝化合物的光物理性质与电化学性质进行了研究表征,这为它们在之后作为有机光伏器件中阴极界面修饰层提供了理论基础。2、第三章中,我们将合成出的六种离子型异靛蓝化合物使用色谱纯甲醇溶解,通过旋涂的方法将它们作为阴极界面修饰材料制备在以PTB7:PC71BM为光活性层表面上,之后将金属铝作为阴极蒸镀在阴极界面修饰层上完成传统的正式有机太阳能电池器件。与无阴极界面修饰层和只用甲醇作为阴极界面修饰层的光伏器件相比,器件性能参数Voc、Jsc和FF有着显著的提升,尤其是异靛蓝核心引入噻吩基团与磺酸根基团之后的IIDTh-NSB化合物作为阴极界面修饰层时,FF高达71.6%,能量转换效率PCE高达9.12%。通过一系列测试可以表明:1、当引入噻吩基团与异靛蓝骨架组成D-A-D型结构分子时,会有效地提高载流子迁移率并减小串联电阻,进而提高OSCs器件PCE;2、相比于其它官能团,作为离子型内盐基团的磺酸根可以与阴极金属铝电极相互作用并紧密排列,最终提高OSCs器件性能表现。
[Abstract]:In recent years, heterogeneous (BHJ) organic solar cell (OSCs) has attracted people's attention because of its diversity and light weight, which can be used in large area roll-to-roll production and in variable devices. Especially in recent years, the photoelectric energy conversion efficiency of OSCs has reached 11% of the milestone. Many scientific research work has made great progress in the research and development of materials, the regulation and optimization of device structure and the improvement of interface technology. The cathode interface modification layer is a layer of material between the photoactive layer and the cathode metal electrode, which can improve the resolution and diffusion of exciton and reduce the series resistance. Therefore, the introduction of cathode interface modification layer can be an important factor affecting the performance of OSCs devices. Compared with the traditional inorganic cathode interface modification materials, such as cesium fluoride and lithium fluoride, the organic cathode interface modification materials with water / alcohol solubility can not only show more stable characteristics in water and oxygen environment. Moreover, the excellent solubility of the material can produce better ohmic contact with the photoactive layer material. Compared with polymer cathode interface modification materials, organic small molecule cathode interface modification materials are paid more and more attention by researchers because of their simple molecular structure, easy purification and regulation, and no different batch purity. In this thesis, we first synthesized a series of ionic isoindigo derivatives as cathodic interface modification materials, and observed their different physical and chemical properties by changing the groups around the molecules and functional groups. Then the isoindigo derivatives modified by different groups / functional groups were prepared into cathode interface modification layer by rotating coating method, and the properties of isoindigo derivatives modified by different groups / functional groups as cathode interface modified layer photovoltaic devices were investigated. In chapter 2, six kinds of ionized isoindigo compounds, IID-PyBr,IID-NSB,IIDPh-PyBr,IIDPh-NSB,IIDTh-PyBr and IIDTh-NSB., were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction and ionization reaction. We confirmed its molecular structure by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) and elemental analysis (elemental analysis). These six molecules have good solubility in water and methanol, but are not soluble in chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene and other solvents. Then the photophysical and electrochemical properties of the six ionized isoindigo compounds were studied and characterized by UV-vis absorption and cyclic Voltammetric measurements. This provides a theoretical basis for them to be later used as cathodic interface modification layers in organic photovoltaic devices. 2, in chapter 3, we dissolve six kinds of ionic isoindigo compounds by chromatographic pure methanol. They were prepared as cathode interface modification materials on the surface of photoactive layer with PTB7:PC71BM as photoactive layer by rotating coating, and then aluminum was evaporated on the cathode interface modification layer to complete the traditional formal organic solar cell devices. Compared with photovoltaic devices without cathode interface modification layer and methanol as cathode interface modification layer, the performance parameters Voc,Jsc and FF of the device are significantly improved. Especially when thiophene group and sulfonic group were introduced into the core of isoindigo blue, FF reached 71.6% and energy conversion efficiency PCE reached 9.12% when thiophene group and sulfonic group were introduced as cathode interface modification layer. A series of tests show that: 1. When thiophene group and isoindigo skeleton are introduced to form D 鈮，
本文编号：2487781
[Abstract]:In recent years, heterogeneous (BHJ) organic solar cell (OSCs) has attracted people's attention because of its diversity and light weight, which can be used in large area roll-to-roll production and in variable devices. Especially in recent years, the photoelectric energy conversion efficiency of OSCs has reached 11% of the milestone. Many scientific research work has made great progress in the research and development of materials, the regulation and optimization of device structure and the improvement of interface technology. The cathode interface modification layer is a layer of material between the photoactive layer and the cathode metal electrode, which can improve the resolution and diffusion of exciton and reduce the series resistance. Therefore, the introduction of cathode interface modification layer can be an important factor affecting the performance of OSCs devices. Compared with the traditional inorganic cathode interface modification materials, such as cesium fluoride and lithium fluoride, the organic cathode interface modification materials with water / alcohol solubility can not only show more stable characteristics in water and oxygen environment. Moreover, the excellent solubility of the material can produce better ohmic contact with the photoactive layer material. Compared with polymer cathode interface modification materials, organic small molecule cathode interface modification materials are paid more and more attention by researchers because of their simple molecular structure, easy purification and regulation, and no different batch purity. In this thesis, we first synthesized a series of ionic isoindigo derivatives as cathodic interface modification materials, and observed their different physical and chemical properties by changing the groups around the molecules and functional groups. Then the isoindigo derivatives modified by different groups / functional groups were prepared into cathode interface modification layer by rotating coating method, and the properties of isoindigo derivatives modified by different groups / functional groups as cathode interface modified layer photovoltaic devices were investigated. In chapter 2, six kinds of ionized isoindigo compounds, IID-PyBr,IID-NSB,IIDPh-PyBr,IIDPh-NSB,IIDTh-PyBr and IIDTh-NSB., were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction and ionization reaction. We confirmed its molecular structure by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) and elemental analysis (elemental analysis). These six molecules have good solubility in water and methanol, but are not soluble in chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene and other solvents. Then the photophysical and electrochemical properties of the six ionized isoindigo compounds were studied and characterized by UV-vis absorption and cyclic Voltammetric measurements. This provides a theoretical basis for them to be later used as cathodic interface modification layers in organic photovoltaic devices. 2, in chapter 3, we dissolve six kinds of ionic isoindigo compounds by chromatographic pure methanol. They were prepared as cathode interface modification materials on the surface of photoactive layer with PTB7:PC71BM as photoactive layer by rotating coating, and then aluminum was evaporated on the cathode interface modification layer to complete the traditional formal organic solar cell devices. Compared with photovoltaic devices without cathode interface modification layer and methanol as cathode interface modification layer, the performance parameters Voc,Jsc and FF of the device are significantly improved. Especially when thiophene group and sulfonic group were introduced into the core of isoindigo blue, FF reached 71.6% and energy conversion efficiency PCE reached 9.12% when thiophene group and sulfonic group were introduced as cathode interface modification layer. A series of tests show that: 1. When thiophene group and isoindigo skeleton are introduced to form D 鈮，
本文编号：2487781
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