大用户直购电政策对新能源消纳的影响研究

发布时间：2019-05-30 04:29

【摘要】：在我国电力体制改革中,出现了满足一定条件的电力大用户向发电企业直接购买一定周期内电力产品的行为,即大用户直购电。直购交易政策实现了交易双方的直接互动,使电力资源配置由传统的管制模式向市场模式转变,是打破电网公司垄断地位,走向电力市场化的实质性突破性举措。与此同时,近年来新能源发电技术以节能、环保、高效等特点成为我国重点扶持与发展的技术之一,可再生能源已从传统集中发电的补充角色逐渐发展成为替代电源甚至是主力电源。但由于新能源自身随机性间歇性的特点以及我国的集中性新能源发展政策,导致高渗透率大装机容量的新能源电场就地消纳困难,部分地区弃风弃光问题突出。国内许多可再生能源丰富的试点如冀北地区,在开展大用户直购电与消纳可再生能源的双重背景下,直购电政策将直接影响该地区新能源消纳水平,亟需开展相关分析与研究。针对上述问题,本文通过以下工作研究不同售电模式对新能源消纳的影响以期为冀北地区市场运行方案与交易政策提供参考:1)从传输方式、参与模式、准入资格、交易模式等多个方面总结国内现行大用户直购模式的特点,并在此基础上分析不同直购模式对市场状态和电网运行产生的影响。2)建立了在大用户直购电背景下新能源发电企业参与传统交易和直购电交易两种售电模式的经济调度模型。3)考虑到直购规模对电力市场中许多因素产生的影响,建立了直购电量对直购电价格的影响模型和直购电价格对系统用电量的影响模型,并进一步分析了直接交易的参与模式对电力调度的影响。在此基础上,考虑了电力市场中可能的动态影响,对调度模型予以修正,使模型更加贴合实际运行情况。4)针对我国冀北地区的实际情况,采用所提出的计及市场影响的经济调度模型代入冀北不同售电模式进行求解,并根据调度结果分析不同直购电交易情况为该地区带来的系统发电效益以及其对新能源消纳的影响,算例分析验证了模型的有效性。研究结果表明,仅有火电厂参与直接交易将不同程度地对新能源消纳产生不利影响,而允许新能源企业参与直购将明显改善试点地区的弃风弃光问题。
[Abstract]:In the reform of electric power system in our country, there is a behavior that large power users who meet certain conditions buy power products directly from power generation enterprises in a certain period, that is, large users buy electricity directly. The direct purchase transaction policy realizes the direct interaction between the two sides of the transaction, and makes the allocation of power resources change from the traditional regulation mode to the market mode. It is a substantial breakthrough measure to break the monopoly position of the power grid company and move towards the electric power marketization. At the same time, in recent years, new energy power generation technology has become one of the key supporting and developing technologies in our country because of its characteristics of energy saving, environmental protection and high efficiency. Renewable energy has gradually developed from the supplementary role of traditional centralized power generation to alternative power supply and even the main power supply. However, due to the randomness and intermittent characteristics of new energy and the development policy of centralized new energy in China, it is difficult to absorb the new energy field with high permeability and large installed capacity, and the problem of abandoning wind and abandoning light in some areas is prominent. Many domestic pilot projects rich in renewable energy, such as northern Hebei, under the dual background of direct power purchase by large users and absorption of renewable energy, the policy of direct electricity purchase will directly affect the level of new energy consumption in this area, and it is urgent to carry out relevant analysis and research. In view of the above problems, this paper studies the influence of different power sales modes on new energy absorption through the following work, in order to provide reference for the market operation scheme and trading policy in northern Hebei: 1) from the transmission mode, participation mode, access qualification, The transaction mode and other aspects summarize the characteristics of the current direct purchase mode of large users in China. On this basis, the influence of different direct purchase modes on market state and power grid operation is analyzed. 2) under the background of direct power purchase by large users, two power sales modes, new energy power generation enterprises participating in traditional transactions and direct power purchase transactions, are established. Considering the influence of the scale of direct purchase on many factors in the power market. 3) taking into account the impact of the scale of direct purchase on many factors in the power market, The influence model of direct purchase electricity on direct purchase price and the influence model of direct purchase price on system electricity consumption are established, and the influence of direct transaction participation mode on power dispatching is further analyzed. On this basis, considering the possible dynamic influence in the power market, the dispatching model is modified to make the model more in line with the actual operation. 4) in view of the actual situation in northern Hebei, The proposed economic dispatching model, which takes into account the market impact, is used to solve the problem by using different power sales models in northern Hebei. According to the dispatching results, the system power generation benefits brought by different direct power purchase transactions and their influence on the absorption of new energy are analyzed, and the effectiveness of the model is verified by an example. The results show that only the participation of thermal power plants in direct trading will have a negative impact on the absorption of new energy in varying degrees, and allowing new energy enterprises to participate in direct purchase will obviously improve the problem of abandoning wind and abandoning light in the pilot area.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73

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