液氢环境下超导电缆结构设计与性能分析研究
发布时间：2019-06-10 10:31
【摘要】：在未来的全球能源互联网发展中,大规模低损耗电能输送将成为我国输电网的主要挑战。自1986年高温超导体发现以来,超导电缆输电技术便成为热点研究方向之一,超导电缆与常规电缆相比具有重量轻、体积小、传输容量大、损耗小等优点。液氢和电能混合输送超导电缆相对液氮冷却超导电缆在输送容量上具有巨大优势,成为最有希望解决未来大规模低损耗电能输送的方案。国内对液氮作为冷却介质的高温超导电缆做了很多研究,使用液氢作为冷却介质的氢电混输电缆还鲜有报道。论文对液氢温区下超导电缆结构设计进行了可行性研究,为未来能源互联网发展提供一种可选的方式。论文首先对目前常用的高温超导材料的基本特性进行了对比,选出MgB2最适合作为氢电混输电缆的超导带材。然后介绍了高温超导电缆的结构,基于超导电缆特殊的结构建立了数学模型,并根据数学模型计算出了超导电缆电磁参数矩阵方程,分析了超导电缆导体层绕制角变化对超导电缆载流性能的影响。重点研究了液氢环境中超导电缆铜骨架、主绝缘层、导体层设计的基本理论,根据液氢温区下铜的物理性质,依据热稳定性原则计算了超导电缆铜骨架最小横截面积。对比分析了常用低温绝缘材料的特性,选出了聚丙烯层压纸(PPLP)作为主绝缘层的绝缘材料。通过最大工作场强的方法计算出了绝缘层的厚度,并仿真验证了计算结果的可行性。最后根据项目110kV/4kA的目标设计出了一根两层导体层的高温超导电缆。此外,论文应用COMSOL有限元分析软件数学模块的PDE接口,建立了 MgB2超导带材以及超导电缆的二维仿真模型。对MgB2超导带材的电流密度分布和交流损耗进行了仿真计算,并且和理论计算结果进行了比较,验证了所建立的仿真模型的有效性和正确性,并进一步仿真得到了超导电缆每层导体层的电流分布情况。最后,搭建了超导电缆载流能力测试实验平台。基于设计出的电缆模型参数手工绕制了一根50cm长电缆模型,并对电缆在制冷机20K温区下进行了载流能力测试。由于实验直流电源最大电流输出的限制,没能测得电缆的临界电流,实验结果表明,所设计超导电缆在通流1000A时能稳定运行。
[Abstract]:In the future development of global energy Internet, large-scale low-loss power transmission will become the main challenge of China's transmission network. Since the discovery of high temperature superconductors in 1986, superconducting cable transmission technology has become one of the hot research directions. Compared with conventional cables, superconducting cables have the advantages of light weight, small volume, large transmission capacity and low loss. The hybrid transmission superconducting cable of liquid hydrogen and electric energy has great advantages over the transmission capacity of liquid nitrogen cooled superconducting cable, and it has become the most promising scheme to solve the problem of large scale and low loss power transmission in the future. A lot of research has been done on high temperature superconducting cables with liquid nitrogen as cooling medium in China, and there are few reports on hydrogen electric hybrid cables using liquid hydrogen as cooling medium. In this paper, the feasibility of superconducting cable structure design in liquid hydrogen temperature region is studied, which provides an optional way for the development of energy Internet in the future. In this paper, the basic characteristics of high temperature superconducting materials are compared, and MgB2 is selected as the most suitable superconducting strip for hydrogen-electric mixed transmission cable. Then the structure of HTS cable is introduced. based on the special structure of superconducting cable, the mathematical model is established, and the electromagnetic parameter matrix equation of superconducting cable is calculated according to the mathematical model. The influence of the change of conductor layer winding angle on the current carrying performance of superconducting cable is analyzed. The basic theory of copper skeleton, main insulator layer and conductor layer design of superconducting cable in liquid hydrogen environment is studied emphatically. according to the physical properties of copper in liquid hydrogen temperature region, the minimum cross section area of copper skeleton of superconducting cable is calculated according to the principle of thermal stability. The characteristics of common low temperature insulation materials were compared and analyzed, and polypropylene laminated paper (PPLP) was selected as the insulation material of the main insulation layer. The thickness of insulation layer is calculated by the method of maximum working field strength, and the feasibility of the calculation result is verified by simulation. Finally, according to the goal of project 110kV/4kA, a two-layer conductor layer HTS cable is designed. In addition, the two-dimensional simulation model of MgB2 superconducting strip and superconducting cable is established by using the PDE interface of the mathematical module of COMSOL finite element analysis software. The current density distribution and AC loss of MgB2 superconducting strip are simulated and compared with the theoretical calculation results, and the validity and correctness of the simulation model are verified. The current distribution of each conductor layer of superconducting cable is further simulated. Finally, an experimental platform for testing the current carrying capacity of superconducting cables is built. Based on the designed cable model parameters, a 50cm long cable model is wound manually, and the current carrying capacity of the cable is tested in the 20K temperature range of the refrigerator. Due to the limitation of the maximum current output of the experimental DC power supply, the critical current of the cable can not be measured. The experimental results show that the designed superconducting cable can run stably at the current of 1000A.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM249.7
本文编号：2496396
[Abstract]:In the future development of global energy Internet, large-scale low-loss power transmission will become the main challenge of China's transmission network. Since the discovery of high temperature superconductors in 1986, superconducting cable transmission technology has become one of the hot research directions. Compared with conventional cables, superconducting cables have the advantages of light weight, small volume, large transmission capacity and low loss. The hybrid transmission superconducting cable of liquid hydrogen and electric energy has great advantages over the transmission capacity of liquid nitrogen cooled superconducting cable, and it has become the most promising scheme to solve the problem of large scale and low loss power transmission in the future. A lot of research has been done on high temperature superconducting cables with liquid nitrogen as cooling medium in China, and there are few reports on hydrogen electric hybrid cables using liquid hydrogen as cooling medium. In this paper, the feasibility of superconducting cable structure design in liquid hydrogen temperature region is studied, which provides an optional way for the development of energy Internet in the future. In this paper, the basic characteristics of high temperature superconducting materials are compared, and MgB2 is selected as the most suitable superconducting strip for hydrogen-electric mixed transmission cable. Then the structure of HTS cable is introduced. based on the special structure of superconducting cable, the mathematical model is established, and the electromagnetic parameter matrix equation of superconducting cable is calculated according to the mathematical model. The influence of the change of conductor layer winding angle on the current carrying performance of superconducting cable is analyzed. The basic theory of copper skeleton, main insulator layer and conductor layer design of superconducting cable in liquid hydrogen environment is studied emphatically. according to the physical properties of copper in liquid hydrogen temperature region, the minimum cross section area of copper skeleton of superconducting cable is calculated according to the principle of thermal stability. The characteristics of common low temperature insulation materials were compared and analyzed, and polypropylene laminated paper (PPLP) was selected as the insulation material of the main insulation layer. The thickness of insulation layer is calculated by the method of maximum working field strength, and the feasibility of the calculation result is verified by simulation. Finally, according to the goal of project 110kV/4kA, a two-layer conductor layer HTS cable is designed. In addition, the two-dimensional simulation model of MgB2 superconducting strip and superconducting cable is established by using the PDE interface of the mathematical module of COMSOL finite element analysis software. The current density distribution and AC loss of MgB2 superconducting strip are simulated and compared with the theoretical calculation results, and the validity and correctness of the simulation model are verified. The current distribution of each conductor layer of superconducting cable is further simulated. Finally, an experimental platform for testing the current carrying capacity of superconducting cables is built. Based on the designed cable model parameters, a 50cm long cable model is wound manually, and the current carrying capacity of the cable is tested in the 20K temperature range of the refrigerator. Due to the limitation of the maximum current output of the experimental DC power supply, the critical current of the cable can not be measured. The experimental results show that the designed superconducting cable can run stably at the current of 1000A.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM249.7
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