基于有限元的110kV GIS抗震仿真与优化

发布时间：2019-06-12 03:36

【摘要】：近年来我国地震频发,汶川地震及余震先后引起灾区110kV及以上变电站停运90座,庐山地震造成24座变电站受损,造成了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失,给救援和震后重建工作带来诸多不便。高压电器的抗震性能已成为国家电网和国内外电器生产企业极为重视的电器性能指标之一。在开关类设备中,气体绝缘全封闭组合电器(Gas insulated enclosed combination switch,GIS)相比其他开关设备具有更好的抗震性能,是地震多发地带优先选用的高压电器设备形式。但是GIS设备体积庞大,难以在振动台上考核其抗震性能,且存在抗震实验耗费高等问题,高压电器企业普遍缺少在前期设计环节对产品的抗震评估。本文以ZF48-126型三相共箱式小型化GIS进行抗震计算分析,计算结果可指导GIS结构优化设计,评估设备抗震能力,提高安全裕度。主要工作和研究内容如下:1.阐述了课题来源和研究意义,对目前国内外高压电气设备抗震性能的研究现状进行了总结,分析了抗震设计方法在高压电气设备抗震性能方面的应用,提出了相关研究成果存在的不足和需要继续研究的一些问题。2.对有限元法的理论和求解步骤进行了阐述,介绍了三种抗震设计理论在GIS抗震性能分析中的应用原理,分别总结了三种方法在GIS抗震分析中的优点及其局限。3.建立有限元模型,并在此基础上进行模态分析,分析了前15阶固有频率和前8阶振型图,研究了重心位置对固有频率的影响,讨论了优化需要采用的措施。4.采用反应谱法,根据GB/T13540-2009《高压开关设备和控制设备的抗震要求》的相关规定,在进行仿真时输入的地震载荷选择AG5抗震水平下2%阻尼比的响应谱。仿真结果显示,本文研究的110kV GIS与地震频率较为接近,在发生地震时容易产生共振;通过地震谱分析可以得到,在AG5抗震设防要求时各个部件的安全系数。并且用时程分析法作为在时域内的后序验证方法,与反应谱分析结果进行对比,对分析与计算结果是否相符进行了验证。根据对EI-Centro地震波和天津波激励下GIS结构动力响应结果进行对比,可以发现,在峰值加速度相同时,波形的影响相对更大,并探讨了产生误差的原因。5.以110kV GIS出线壳体为研究对象,通过响应表面法对出线壳体进行优化设计,通过有限元仿真验证优化方法的可行性。进行优化后的应力分析和加载地震波后出线瓷套最大位移的分析,发现优化后出线壳体具有更强的安全系数,有利于GIS抗震水平的提高。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the frequent occurrence of earthquakes in China, Wenchuan earthquake and aftershocks have caused 90 substations in the disaster area 110kV and above, and the Lushan earthquake has caused damage to 24 substations, resulting in huge casualties and economic losses, which has brought a lot of inconvenience to rescue and post-earthquake reconstruction. The seismic performance of high voltage electrical appliances has become one of the electrical performance indexes attached great importance to by national power grid and domestic and foreign electrical appliances production enterprises. In switchgear, gas insulated fully enclosed combiner (Gas insulated enclosed combination switch,GIS) has better seismic performance than other switchgear, and it is a preferred form of high voltage electrical equipment in earthquake prone zone. However, the size of GIS equipment is so large that it is difficult to evaluate its seismic performance on the vibrating table, and there are some problems, such as high cost of seismic experiment. High voltage electrical enterprises generally lack the seismic evaluation of products in the early design link. In this paper, the seismic calculation and analysis of ZF48- 126 three-phase common box miniaturized GIS are carried out. The calculated results can guide the optimal design of GIS structure, evaluate the seismic capacity of the equipment and improve the safety margin. The main work and research contents are as follows: 1. This paper expounds the source and significance of the research, summarizes the research status of seismic performance of high voltage electrical equipment at home and abroad, analyzes on the application of seismic design method in the seismic performance of high voltage electrical equipment, and puts forward the shortcomings of the relevant research results and some problems that need to be further studied. 2. The theory and solving steps of finite element method are described, the application principles of three seismic design theories in GIS seismic performance analysis are introduced, and the advantages and limitations of the three methods in GIS seismic analysis are summarized respectively. Based on the finite element model, the modal analysis is carried out, the first 15 natural frequencies and the first 8 vibration modes are analyzed, the influence of the position of the center of gravity on the natural frequency is studied, and the measures to be adopted for optimization are discussed. 4. According to the relevant provisions of GB/T13540-2009 "Seismic requirements of High Voltage switchgear and Control equipment", the response spectrum of 2% damping ratio at AG5 seismic level is selected when the seismic load input is carried out by using response spectrum method. The simulation results show that the 110kV GIS studied in this paper is close to the seismic frequency and is prone to resonance in the event of earthquake. Through seismic spectrum analysis, the safety factor of each component can be obtained when AG5 seismic fortification is required. The time history analysis method is used as the post-sequence verification method in the time domain, and the results are compared with the results of the response spectrum analysis, and the results are in good agreement with the calculated results. According to the comparison of the dynamic response results of GIS structure excited by EI-Centro seismic wave and Tianjin wave, it can be found that the influence of waveform is relatively greater when the peak acceleration is the same, and the cause of error is discussed. 5. Taking the 110kV GIS outgoing shell as the research object, the optimal design of the outgoing shell is carried out by the response surface method, and the feasibility of the optimization method is verified by finite element simulation. The stress analysis after optimization and the analysis of the maximum displacement of porcelain sleeve after loading seismic wave show that the optimized shell has stronger safety factor, which is beneficial to the improvement of seismic level of GIS.
【学位授予单位】：厦门理工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM595

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