基于DSP的同步发电机励磁控制器的研究与开发

发布时间：2019-06-19 03:16

【摘要】：现代电力系统呈现大机组发电、特高压输电和大系统联网的特点,对电能质量和系统稳定性提出更高、更严格的要求。同步发电机励磁控制能够有效维持电压水平、提供合格电能、保证机组安全运行、改善系统技术指标。将先进的励磁控制技术和高性能数字信号处理器全面而广泛地应用于现代电力系统,可充分提高系统稳定性。本文基于TMS320F28335DSP,集成多种励磁控制策略,研究并开发一套电路简单、功能完善、界面友好、性能优良、经济可观、面向实验室进而满足工程实际中小型发电机组要求的励磁控制器,具有一定工程实用价值。本文首先概述了励磁自动控制系统,介绍与分析励磁系统励磁方式、控制理论和控制器三大研究方向及DSP的国内外研究现状,确立本文研究目标,阐述课题意义与实用价值。其次,在单机系统数学模型上,完成PID、PSS以及多指标非线性MNEC等励磁规律的理论研究与仿真,总结出动、静态性能优于传统PID控制的改进综合PID离散方法ICPID,并对这些策略进行微机处理与实现。接着,在励磁功率单元晶闸管故障工况下,通过理论推导和仿真,定性、定量地分析控制触发角和整流输出励磁电压的关系,提出相应解决措施,能够有效减轻故障对系统的不利影响。在励磁控制理论研究的基础上,本文对控制器进行设计与开发。熟悉DSP开发系统后,搭建控制器硬件平台,包括总体方案确立、主控芯片选型、硬件原理图设计以及核心单元和外设单元电路的仿真测试与制作。软件部分的设计按照模块化思想,包括明确编程原则、构建主程序流程,编写各个功能模块程序,同时,设计软硬件可靠性以提升控制器性能。此外,本文采用“cMT-SVR+cMT-iV5+移动设备”云端触摸屏监控架构,设计界面并利用Modbus-RTU规约实现人机交互。最后在实验室环境下完成了控制器软硬件性能测试、静态调试与试验,分析并总结相关结果,对控制器外观进行设计,以利于励磁控制器的产品化。理论与实践表明,本设计的励磁控制器软硬件配合协调,控制效果良好,性能满足相关国家标准和行业导则,为推出工业产品、适应电力系统和市场的发展建立基石。
[Abstract]:Modern power system presents the characteristics of large unit power generation, UHV transmission and large system networking, and puts forward higher and stricter requirements for power quality and system stability. The excitation control of synchronous generator can effectively maintain the voltage level, provide qualified electric energy, ensure the safe operation of the unit and improve the technical index of the system. The advanced excitation control technology and high performance digital signal processor are widely used in modern power system, which can fully improve the stability of the system. Based on TMS320F28335DSP, integrated excitation control strategy, this paper studies and develops a set of excitation controller with simple circuit, perfect function, friendly interface, excellent performance, considerable economy, facing the laboratory and then meeting the requirements of small and medium-sized generating sets in engineering practice, which has certain engineering practical value. In this paper, the excitation automatic control system is summarized, three research directions of excitation mode, control theory and controller of excitation system and the research status of DSP at home and abroad are introduced and analyzed, the research goal of this paper is established, and the significance and practical value of the subject are expounded. Secondly, on the mathematical model of single machine system, the theoretical research and simulation of excitation law such as PID,PSS and multi-index nonlinear MNEC are completed, and the dynamic and static performance is better than the improved integrated PID discrete method ICPID, which is better than the traditional PID control, and these strategies are processed and realized by microcomputer. Then, under the fault condition of excitation power unit thyristor, the relationship between the control trigger angle and the rectifier output excitation voltage is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively through theoretical derivation and simulation, and the corresponding solutions are put forward, which can effectively reduce the adverse effects of the fault on the system. Based on the research of excitation control theory, the controller is designed and developed in this paper. After familiar with the DSP development system, the hardware platform of the controller is built, including the establishment of the overall scheme, the selection of the main control chip, the design of the hardware schematic diagram, and the simulation test and manufacture of the core unit and the peripheral unit circuit. The design of the software part according to the modularization idea, including the clear programming principle, constructs the main program flow, compiles each function module program, at the same time, designs the software and hardware reliability to improve the controller performance. In addition, this paper adopts "cMT-SVR cMT-iV5 mobile device" cloud touch screen monitoring architecture, designs the interface and uses Modbus-RTU protocol to realize human-computer interaction. Finally, the hardware and software performance test, static debugging and test are completed in the laboratory environment, the related results are analyzed and summarized, and the appearance of the controller is designed to facilitate the production of excitation controller. The theory and practice show that the hardware and software of the excitation controller are coordinated, the control effect is good, and the performance meets the relevant national standards and industry guidelines, which establishes the cornerstone for the introduction of industrial products and the adaptation to the development of power system and market.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM31

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