电力需求侧管理对典型电力用户节电策略影响分析

发布时间：2019-07-05 06:49

【摘要】：电力需求侧管理(Demand Side Management),简称DSM,是国内外广泛实施的一种节能降耗、优化电力资源配置、提升全社会效益的负荷管理措施,本文依据电力需求侧管理的起源以及国内外研究、实施现状,主要研究了以下三方面内容。(1)电力需求侧管理的实施手段和基于需求侧管理的电价体系。介绍了实施电力需求侧管理的主要措施手段,一般分为价格手段、技术手段、行政手段、引导手段等。价格手段主要有调整电价结构、进行需求侧竞价、节能节电补偿等,激励用户调整用电方式、用电时段、用电设备进行负荷管理。其中峰谷分时电价是所有电力需求侧管理经济手段中实施范围最广的一种,对减小电力系统负荷波动,提高电力系统负荷率有重要的意义,同时,电力用户也能得到经济上的实惠。电价作为沟通供电公司和电力用户的关键“桥梁”,在电力市场的供需平衡中具有重要地位,因此,峰谷分时电价机制各时段的电价制定是否合理对电力需求侧管理的实施效果具有关键影响。(2)考虑用户用电综合满意度的峰谷分时电价决策模型。目前,国内很多地区实施了峰谷分时电价机制,而建立电价决策模型时重点关注了用户对削峰填谷、移峰填谷减小峰谷差的作用,而忽略了用户对电价的响应积极程度以及用户用电的满意度。本文基于用户对电价的响应形成峰谷电价弹性矩阵,综合考虑用户用电方式的满意度和电费支出的满意度,建立了峰谷分时电价优化决策模型,并采用理想点法将联合优化模型转化为单目标规划模型,利用matlab中fmincon函数求得合适的峰谷分时电价,根据某大工业用户的负荷数据进行了算例分析,结果表明所建立的优化模型能够减小峰谷差,并提高用户的综合满意度。(3)基于电力需求侧管理的典型电力用户节电策略分析。电力需求侧管理能够优化能源电力资源配置、减小峰谷差提高电力系统安全、稳定性,提升全社会效益。本文根据电力需求侧管理实施手段和电力用户响应理论,研究了医院、政府机关和学校等典型电力用户的负荷特性和需求响应,深入分析了公共机构、商业楼宇和高耗电行业等典型电力用户的节电策略,最后对某公共机构和商业楼宇的节电实例进行了需求侧管理效果分析评价。
[Abstract]:Power demand side management (Demand Side Management),) is a kind of load management measure which is widely implemented at home and abroad to save energy and reduce consumption, optimize the allocation of power resources and improve the full social benefits. According to the origin of power demand side management and the research and implementation status at home and abroad, this paper mainly studies the following three aspects. (1) the implementation means of power demand side management and the electricity price system based on demand side management. This paper introduces the main measures for implementing DSM, which are generally divided into price means, technical means, administrative means, guiding means and so on. The main price means are adjusting the structure of electricity price, bidding on the demand side, energy saving and energy saving compensation, etc., encouraging users to adjust the mode of electricity consumption, the period of electricity consumption, and the load management of power equipment. Among them, peak-valley time-sharing electricity price is one of the most widely implemented economic means of power demand-side management, which is of great significance to reduce the load fluctuation of power system and improve the load rate of power system. at the same time, power users can also get economic benefits. As a key "bridge" between power supply companies and power users, electricity price plays an important role in the balance of supply and demand in the power market. Therefore, whether the price formulation of peak and valley time-sharing electricity price mechanism has a key impact on the implementation effect of power demand-side management. (2) Peak-valley time-sharing electricity price decision model considering the comprehensive satisfaction of users. At present, the peak and valley time-sharing electricity price mechanism has been implemented in many areas of China, and the establishment of electricity price decision model focuses on the role of users in cutting peaks and filling valleys, shifting peaks and filling valleys to reduce peak and valley differences, while neglecting the positive degree of users' response to electricity prices and the satisfaction of users with electricity consumption. In this paper, based on the response of users to electricity price, the elastic matrix of peak and valley electricity price is formed, and the optimization decision model of peak and valley time-sharing electricity price is established by considering the satisfaction of user power consumption mode and electricity bill expenditure synthetically. The joint optimization model is transformed into a single objective programming model by using ideal point method, and the suitable peak and valley time-sharing electricity price is obtained by using fmincon function in matlab. An example is carried out according to the load data of a large industrial user. The results show that the optimization model can reduce the peak and valley difference and improve the comprehensive satisfaction of users. (3) Analysis of power saving strategy of typical power users based on power demand side management. DSM can optimize the allocation of energy and power resources, reduce the peak and valley difference, improve the security and stability of power system, and improve the overall social benefits. According to the implementation means of power demand side management and the theory of power user response, this paper studies the load characteristics and demand response of typical power users, such as hospitals, government agencies and schools, and deeply analyzes the power saving strategies of typical power users, such as public organizations, commercial buildings and high power consumption industries. Finally, the power saving effect of a public organization and commercial building is analyzed and evaluated.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73

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