电力变压器数字化保护装置的研制

发布时间：2018-01-02 04:03

本文关键词：电力变压器数字化保护装置的研制　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电力变压器在电能的输送过程中充当重要的角色,是不可或缺的一次电气设备,它的安全与否直接决定着整个电网能否作可靠的工作,因此变压器保护装置就显得非常重要。变压器保护配置通常由主保护和后备保护共同来实现对变压器的保护。常见的变压器故障主要分为内部和外部故障；内部故障主要有主保护进行处理,而外部故障主要主保护通常有后备保护进行处理,在主保护拒动时后备保护实现动作。本文主要对变压器的保护原理作深入的研究分析,并设计出基于DSP的数字式变压器保护装置。本文就变压器主保护及后备保护的工作原理做了详细介绍,其中包括主保护的差动保护和差动速断及后备保护的过流及过负荷等。主保护的差动保护会因励磁涌流的产生而出现误动作,因此本装置对出现励磁涌流的产生及采取的措施作了详细说明。变压器在正常运行中会出现不平衡电流,本文就对励磁涌流与不平衡电流出现的原因及消除措施做了详细的说明。保护装置的判据定值是通过傅里叶变换算法而得到的,为此还具体列出了用24点傅里叶算法求出的基波、二次谐波和三次谐波的值。本文重点在于对保护装置的硬件和软件系统的设计,并充分考虑设计了软硬件的抗干扰措施。装置的硬件系统采用广泛应用的插件式结构,保护的各个插件既相互独立又相辅相成,共同组成了本保护装置,实现了包括网络通讯在内的所有保护功能。硬件结构是以TI公司高性能的TMS320F2811为主控CPU搭建而成,具体实现了数据采集、逻辑输出、动作记录、人机交互及网络通讯等完整的微机保护功能。软件系统的开发是在CCS软件环境进行的,通过采用主程序与中断程序结合方式,利用DSP的强大的数据处理和控制能力大大提高了工作效率并降低了功耗。DSP片内的外设资源丰富,完成了A/D转换及串口通信等功能,本文就对软件的程序流程做了详细的介绍。保护装置的速度、精度等满足微机保护的技术要求,为此特意做了包括网络通讯在内的各种现场调试实验,对其主要的功能做了实验进行验证,并对装置进行了现场调试。
[Abstract]:Power transformer plays an important role in the process of power transmission and is an indispensable electrical equipment. Its safety or not directly determines whether the whole power grid can do reliable work. Therefore, transformer protection device is very important. Transformer protection configuration is usually realized by main protection and backup protection. Common transformer faults are mainly divided into internal and external faults. The main internal faults are handled by the main protection, while the main protection of the external faults is usually handled by backup protection. In this paper, the principle of transformer protection is deeply studied and analyzed. A digital transformer protection device based on DSP is designed. The working principle of main protection and backup protection of transformer is introduced in detail in this paper. The differential protection of the main protection includes the differential protection of the main protection and the over-current and overload of the backup protection. The differential protection of the main protection will be misoperated because of the inrush current of excitation. Therefore, the generation of excitation inrush current and the measures taken in this device are explained in detail. The unbalanced current will appear in the normal operation of transformer. In this paper, the causes of inrush current and unbalanced current and the elimination measures are explained in detail. The criterion of the protection device is obtained by Fourier transform algorithm. The fundamental, second and third harmonics calculated by the 24:00 Fourier algorithm are also listed in detail. The emphasis of this paper is on the design of the hardware and software system of the protection device. The hardware system of the device adopts a widely used plug-in structure, and each plug-in of the protection is independent and complementary to each other, which together constitute the protection device. All protection functions including network communication are realized. The hardware structure is built with TI's high-performance TMS320F2811 as the main control CPU, and the data acquisition and logical output are realized. The development of the software system is carried out in the CCS software environment, by adopting the method of combining main program and interrupt program. By using the powerful data processing and control ability of DSP, the efficiency is greatly improved and the power consumption is reduced. The peripheral equipments in the chip are rich in resources, and the functions of Ar / D conversion and serial port communication are completed. In this paper, the program flow of the software is introduced in detail. The speed and precision of the protection device meet the technical requirements of the microcomputer protection. For this purpose, various field debugging experiments, including network communication, are specially done. The main functions of the device are verified by experiments, and the device is debugged on the spot.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM41;TM774

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