永磁同步电机损耗计算及温度场分析

发布时间：2018-01-05 10:26

本文关键词：永磁同步电机损耗计算及温度场分析　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近些年来,永磁同步电机逐渐在各个领域得到广泛应用,日益成为人们生产和生活不可或缺的一部分。永磁同步电机在运行的过程中会产生损耗,这些损耗会通过热量的形式逸散出来,使电机内部温度升高。当温度高达一定程度,会引发永磁体的磁性下降、绕组表面绝缘层脱落等事故,降低电机运行的可靠性。因此,在电机的设计中,对永磁同步电机内部的损耗和温度场进行准确计算至关重要。本课题以一台功率为750W的交流永磁同步电机为分析对象,对其损耗和温度场进行研究。对电机的绕组反电势、空载气隙磁密进行了探究,通过对所得波形进行傅里叶变换,研究发现绕组反电动势和气隙磁密的波形比较近似于正弦,且谐波含量小,验证了电机基本运行性能的可靠性和电磁场分析模型建立的合理性。计算了电机的损耗。根据铁耗的分离理论,对定子铁芯建立损耗计算模型,基于时步有限元相关理论,对定子内部磁场进行分析,分别计算了在交变磁场作用、加入旋转磁场作用及加入旋转磁场和谐波共同作用下的定子铁耗。比较几种方法的计算结果,发现加入旋转磁场和谐波影响下的定子铁耗计算方法最为准确。对多种工况下的定子绕组铜耗、转子和永磁体的涡流损耗及机械损耗进行了计算。分析了转速、负载等因素对于损耗的影响。对电机进行温度场分析。依据流体力学、传热学的相关知识,建立了电机的三维温度场计算模型,设定求解域的初始和边界条件,求解温度场分析的参数。对电机在自然冷却和强制风冷条件下不同工况时的温度场进行有限元分析。探究了电机内部各处的温度场及强制风冷参数对电机温升的影响规律。进行电机的损耗和温升实验。测出样机在空载时的机械损耗和定子铁耗,与计算值进行对比,研究表明,加入旋转磁场和谐波影响的永磁同步电机铁耗计算方法最为准确。记录电机在自然风冷和强制风冷条件下运行时绕组的温升,将所测结果和仿真结果对比,发现二者绕组稳态温度的误差不超过3℃,验证了对永磁同步电机温度场分析方法的正确性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has been widely used in various fields, has become an indispensable part of people's life and production. The permanent magnet synchronous motor will produce a loss in the process of running, these losses will pass out in the form of heat dissipation, the temperature of the motor increases. When the temperature is up to a certain extent, will lead to permanent magnet magnetism decreased, insulating layer off accident winding surface, reducing the running reliability of the motor. Therefore, in the design of the motor, the permanent magnet synchronous motor internal loss and temperature field of the accurate calculation is very important. This subject to a power of 750W permanent magnet synchronous motor as the analysis object study on the loss, and the temperature field. The back electromotive force of the motor winding, air gap magnetic field have been studied by Fourier transform of the waveform, the study found that the winding back EMF and The waveform of air gap flux density is similar to the sine, and small harmonic content, verifies the rationality of establishing reliability and electromagnetic field analysis model of motor basic performance. Loss of the motor is calculated. According to the theory of separation of iron loss, the calculation model of stator core loss is established, based on the finite element theory, the internal the magnetic field of stator is analyzed, were calculated in the alternating magnetic field, with rotating magnetic field and adding a rotating magnetic field and harmonic wave under the action of stator iron loss. Comparing the calculation results of several methods, found that adding a rotating magnetic field and harmonic wave under the influence of stator iron loss calculation method is the most accurate. On the stator winding copper loss under various conditions the eddy current loss and mechanical loss of the rotor of the permanent magnet are calculated. Analysis of the speed, load and other factors for the loss. The influence of temperature field analysis of the motor according to the fluid. Mechanics, related knowledge of heat transfer, the establishment of the three-dimensional temperature field of the motor model, setting the initial and boundary conditions for solving domain and solving parameters of temperature field analysis. The motor in the natural cooling and forced air cooling under different working conditions of the temperature field of finite element analysis. The influence of temperature field and forced air cooling parameters on inside the motor everywhere on the temperature rise of the motor. The motor loss and temperature rise experiment. Measure the prototype in no-load stator iron loss and mechanical loss, compared with the calculated value research shows that the calculation method is the most accurate consumption of iron permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotating magnetic field and harmonic. The motor operation record in the natural air cooling and forced air cooling conditions when winding temperature rise, the measured results and simulation results, it is found that the two error of steady winding temperature does not exceed 3 degrees, the verification of permanent magnet synchronous motor The accuracy of the method of temperature field analysis.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM341

【参考文献】