交流接触器短路分断技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 16:38

本文关键词：交流接触器短路分断技术研究　出处：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：接触器是一种量大面广的重要控制电器。目前,国内外所有交流接触器都只具有频繁接通与分断电路的功能,不具备短路分断能力。随着智能电网建设的发展,对智能电器的性能与功能要求越来越高。众所周知,低压配电系统负载的控制与保护必须采用作为控制电器的交流接触器和作为保护电器的低压断路器。为了适应智能电网的要求,为此,本文提出基于新的交流接触器物理模型、触头结构与短路故障早期检测技术,综合控制与保护功能的交流接触器概念。其主要结合形态小波和电流斜率双重判据的短路电流早期检测模型和基于涡流斥力机构的快速动作模型,不仅可以在有效抑制低压系统中噪声干扰的前提下提取短路故障信号特征值,而且可以快速分断故障电路,到达保护低压系统的作用。本文的主要研究内容包括：1.从研究意义与背景的角度介绍了电力系统中短路保护方式和意义,并阐述了低压短路保护电器的发展现状和趋势、形态小波在电力系统故障信号中的应用和涡流斥力机构在快速动作机构中的应用等三方面的内容。2.根据形态学滤波器、小波分析和电流斜率检测等理论提出了基于形态小波和电流斜率双重判据的短路电流早期检测技术,并通过早期检测系统的设计和试验验证其算法的滤波效果和故障特征值提取的准确性、快速性。3.根据涡流斥力原理提出基于涡流斥力机构的高速机构模型,结合ANSYS和ADAMS建立仿真模型,并通过软件仿真、样机测试验证其快速分断特性。4.进行交流接触器短路分断技术相关试验研究,主要包括短路电流早期检测分断试验和50kA短路电流分断试验两部分。仿真及试验数据表明,基于形态小波和电流斜率双重判据的短路电流早期检测模型不仅可以有效地抑制低压配电系统中常见的噪声,还可以有效地提取短路故障特征信号,实现短路电流的早期检测。带有涡流斥力机构的交流接触器具有良好的快速分断特性,对低压系统的短路检测和分断具有很好的研究意义和实用价值。制作的样机在福建省产品质量检验研究院通过了50kA的短路分断能力试验,从最后的试验波形来看,该样机在短路电流很小时就可以分断短路电流,因此采用该机构及实现方法很有可能分断80kA甚至更高的短路电流。
[Abstract]:Contactor is an important control device with a wide range of quantities. At present, all AC contactors at home and abroad only have the function of frequently switching on and breaking circuit, and do not have the ability of short-circuit breaking. With the development of smart grid construction. It is well known that the performance and function of intelligent electrical appliances are becoming more and more demanding. The load control and protection of low voltage distribution system must adopt AC contactor as control appliance and low voltage circuit breaker as protective appliance. In order to meet the requirements of smart grid, it is necessary to use this method. Based on the new physical model of AC contactor, the contact structure and the early detection technology of short circuit fault are presented in this paper. The concept of AC contactor with integrated control and protection functions. It mainly combines the early detection model of short circuit current with morphological wavelet and current slope double criterion and the fast action model based on eddy current repulsion mechanism. It can not only extract the characteristic value of the short circuit fault signal, but also break the fault circuit quickly on the premise of effectively suppressing the noise interference in the low voltage system. The main research contents of this paper include: 1. From the point of view of research significance and background, the short circuit protection mode and significance in power system are introduced. The development status and trend of low voltage short circuit protective apparatus are also described. The application of morphological wavelet in fault signal of power system and the application of eddy current repulsion mechanism in fast action mechanism. 2. According to morphological filter. Based on the theory of wavelet analysis and current slope detection, a new short-circuit current early detection technique based on morphological wavelet and current slope is proposed. Through the design and test of the early detection system, the filtering effect of the algorithm and the accuracy of fault eigenvalue extraction are verified. 3. According to the principle of eddy current repulsion force, a high-speed mechanism model based on eddy current repulsion mechanism is proposed. Combined with ANSYS and ADAMS to establish the simulation model, and through software simulation, the prototype test to verify its fast breaking characteristics. 4. The AC contactor short-circuit breaking technology related experimental research. It includes two parts: early detection of short circuit current breaking test and 50 Ka short circuit current breaking test. The simulation and test data show that. The early detection model of short-circuit current based on morphological wavelet and current slope can not only effectively suppress the common noise in low-voltage distribution system, but also extract the characteristic signal of short-circuit fault effectively. Early detection of short circuit current. Ac contactor with eddy current repulsion mechanism has good fast breaking characteristics. It has good research significance and practical value for short circuit detection and breaking of low voltage system. The prototype has passed 50kA short circuit breaking capacity test in Fujian province product quality inspection and research institute. From the final test waveform, the prototype can break the short-circuit current at a very small short circuit current, so it is possible to break the short-circuit current of 80kA or higher by using the mechanism and the method of implementation.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM572.2

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