微电网光储发电系统协调控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 15:17

本文关键词：微电网光储发电系统协调控制策略研究　出处：《太原理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球经济的快速增长,能源的需求量急剧扩大,导致传统化石能源逐步消耗殆尽,作为化石能源的替代品,可再生能源受到了越来越多的关注。分布式发电作为可再生能源利用的主要组成形式,其输出功率具有间歇性与随机性,大规模并网必然会对电网的安全和稳定运行造成冲击和影响。因此,以分布式发电为基础的微电网技术被众多学者和研究机构所重视。微电网不仅能大量接纳可再生能源发电,缓解能源紧缺和环境危机,而且有助于提高供电可靠性、增加供电系统的容量。为适应大规模分布式发电接入微电网的需要,研究外部环境、负荷功率以及网络结构发生变化时,如何协调控制储能装置、分布式电源以及变换器使微电网在不同运行模式下都能满足电能质量的要求显得尤为重要。本文紧紧围绕光储混合微电网装置的研究与设计,展开下述研究工作： (1)建立了光伏电池工程实用仿真模型,选用扰动观察法作为本文的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制算法,计算电路参数,在Matlab/Simulink中搭建光伏发电系统仿真模型,对不同温度和光照强度下的最大功率点跟踪进行了仿真。仿真结果验证了光伏模型和控制算法的灵敏性和有效性。 (2)介绍了磷酸铁锂电池储能原理及优势,建立了其等效电路模型,对电池容量进行了定量计算,重点分析了Buck/Boost双向变流器的工作原理并推导了小信号数学模型,在此基础上,设计了电压外环、电流内环双环控制方法,最后在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了仿真模型,对储能充放电模式自动转换进行了仿真,仿真结果验证了双环控制策略的正确性。 (3)对微电网的运行方式和控制策略进行了分析,着重叙述了微电网微源级和系统级两种控制策略,并在此基础上,提出了适用于光储混合微电网的协调控制策略。在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建了光储混合微电网的仿真模型,分析了并网模式、孤岛模式和并网／孤网模式切换下的仿真结果。结果表明：当外部环境、负荷功率以及网络结构发生变化时,光储混合微电网具有良好的动态响应能力,满足微电网电能质量要求,验证了所提出的光储混合微电网协调控制策略的有效性,为下一步装置实现提供了理论依据。 (4)基于dSPACE1006开发平台设计了光储混合微电网的实验平台,搭建了硬件电路并完成器件选型,并对dSPACE1006软件控制部分进行了设计,包括信号采集处理单元、主控制单元、软件保护单元、实时在线调整Control Desk界面和PWM控制信号生成单元。在低压环境下进行了并网模式和孤岛模式下的变载实验。实验结果表明,所设计的主电路和提出的协调控制策略可以保证微电网在并网模式和孤网模式下均能满足负荷的电能质量要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of the global economy, the demand for energy expands rapidly, leading to the gradual depletion of traditional fossil energy, as a substitute for fossil energy. As the main form of renewable energy utilization, the output power of distributed generation is intermittent and random. Large-scale grid connection will inevitably impact and affect the safe and stable operation of power grid. Microgrid technology based on distributed generation has been paid attention to by many scholars and research institutions. Microgrid can not only accept a large number of renewable energy generation, alleviate the energy shortage and environmental crisis. In order to meet the needs of large-scale distributed generation and access to microgrid, the external environment, load power and network structure changes are studied. How to coordinate and control the energy storage device. Distributed power generation and converter make microgrid can meet the requirements of power quality in different operation modes. This paper focuses on the research and design of optical storage hybrid microgrid device. Undertake the following studies: 1) the practical simulation model of photovoltaic cell engineering is established. The disturbance observation method is chosen as the MPPT-based control algorithm for maximum power point tracking in this paper, and the circuit parameters are calculated. The simulation model of photovoltaic power generation system is built in Matlab/Simulink. The maximum power point tracking at different temperature and illumination intensity is simulated. The simulation results show that the photovoltaic model and the control algorithm are sensitive and effective. The energy storage principle and advantages of lithium iron phosphate battery are introduced, its equivalent circuit model is established, and the capacity of the battery is calculated quantitatively. The working principle of Buck/Boost bidirectional converter is analyzed and the small signal mathematical model is deduced. On this basis, the double loop control method of voltage outer loop and current inner loop is designed. Finally, the simulation model is built in Matlab/Simulink, and the automatic conversion of charge and discharge mode is simulated. The simulation results verify the correctness of the dual-loop control strategy. 3) the operation mode and control strategy of microgrid are analyzed, and two control strategies, micro-source level and system-level control strategy, are described emphatically, and on this basis. A coordinated control strategy for optical storage hybrid microgrid is proposed. The simulation model of optical storage hybrid microgrid under Matlab/Simulink environment is built and the grid-connected mode is analyzed. The simulation results of island mode and grid-connected / isolated mode switching show that the hybrid micro-grid has a good dynamic response capability when the external environment, load power and network structure change. To meet the power quality requirements of microgrid, the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control strategy for hybrid optical storage microgrid is verified, which provides a theoretical basis for the next implementation of the device. 4) based on the dSPACE1006 development platform, the experiment platform of optical storage hybrid microgrid is designed, the hardware circuit is built and the device selection is completed. And the dSPACE1006 software control part is designed, including signal acquisition and processing unit, main control unit, software protection unit. The Control Desk interface and the PWM control signal generating unit are adjusted in real time and on-line. The load changing experiments in grid-connected mode and islanding mode are carried out in low-voltage environment. The experimental results show that. The designed main circuit and the proposed coordinated control strategy can ensure that both the grid-connected mode and the isolated mode of micro-grid can meet the power quality requirements of the load.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM91

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