基于DSP的永磁同步电机控制系统的研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 10:10

本文关键词：基于DSP的永磁同步电机控制系统的研究　出处：《浙江大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国家节能减排的要求越来越高,洗衣机作为主要的家用电器之一,对洗衣机的效率和噪声等指标要求也越来越高。波轮洗衣机是目前国内占有率最大的洗衣机类型,其中低效率、噪声大的单相电容运转感应电机的驱动系统是目前应用最广的驱动控制方案,而智能化、高效节能、静音的全自动变频洗衣机才是发展的新方向。永磁同步电机具有功率密度大、效率高、转矩脉动小等优点,受众多家用电器厂商的青睐,被广泛应用于新一代变频洗衣机驱动系统中。研究永磁同步电机的低成本运行具有重大的研究意义和实用价值。本文采用外转子隐极永磁同步电机作为变频波轮洗衣机的驱动电机,首先分析了永磁同步电机的特性和数学模型,采用低分辨率的开关型霍尔位置传感器进行转子位置检测,提出了改进型的引入加速度计算的速度计算和位置预估方案。针对洗衣机驱动电机常用的三种控制方法的原理进行了分析,选取高性能的简易正弦波控制作为驱动策略,设计了简易正弦波控制和矢量控制两套方案。对于简易正弦波控制,分析了起动、制动方法,设计了鲁棒性好的模糊自校正PI控制器,并提出了超前角动态寻优补偿的控制算法,从而提高系统效率。并对id=0矢量控制和SVPWM的原理进行了分析。最后,以TI的DSP芯片TMS320F28027为主控芯片,搭建了低成本的硬件控制系统。实现了电机的简易正弦波控制和矢量控制两种高性能正弦驱动控制方案,并完成与洗衣机上位机控制板的通信协调控制,实现洗衣机的洗涤、脱水、模糊称重、电磁刹车等功能,实验结果表明本文所设计洗衣机电机驱动系统运行可靠、效率高、噪声低。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of energy saving and emission reduction, washing machine is one of the main household appliances. The efficiency and noise of washing machine are more and more high. The wave wheel washing machine is the largest type of washing machine in China, among which the low efficiency. The drive system of single-phase capacitive operation induction motor with high noise is the most widely used drive and control scheme at present, which is intelligent, efficient and energy saving. Mute automatic frequency conversion washing machine is the new direction of development. PMSM has many advantages such as high power density, high efficiency, low torque ripple and so on, so it is favored by many household appliance manufacturers. It is widely used in the drive system of the new generation frequency conversion washing machine. It is of great significance and practical value to study the low cost operation of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In this paper, the external rotor hidden pole permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is used as the driving motor of the frequency conversion wave wheel washing machine. Firstly, the characteristics and mathematical model of the PMSM are analyzed. The rotor position is detected with a low resolution switch Hall position sensor, and an improved speed calculation and position estimation scheme with acceleration calculation is proposed. The principle of three common control methods for washing machine drive motor is analyzed, and the simple sine wave control with high performance is selected as the driving strategy. The simple sine wave control and vector control are designed. For the simple sine wave control, the starting and braking methods are analyzed, and the fuzzy self-tuning Pi controller with good robustness is designed. In order to improve the efficiency of the system, a control algorithm for dynamic optimization compensation of leading angle is proposed, and the principle of id=0 vector control and SVPWM is analyzed. Finally, TI's DSP chip TMS320F28027 is used as the main control chip. The hardware control system with low cost is set up. Two kinds of high performance sinusoidal drive control schemes, simple sine wave control and vector control, are realized, and the communication and coordination control with the upper machine control board of washing machine are completed. The washing machine washing, dehydration, fuzzy weighing, electromagnetic braking and other functions are realized. The experimental results show that the motor drive system designed in this paper is reliable, efficient and low noise.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

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