开关磁阻电机全速度范围无位置传感器控制系统研究与设计

发布时间：2018-01-11 12:28

本文关键词：开关磁阻电机全速度范围无位置传感器控制系统研究与设计　出处：《中国矿业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：开关磁阻电机（SRM）具有结构简单、控制灵活、容错能力强等诸多优点，而开关磁阻电机驱动系统（SRD）更是融合了交直流两大调速系统的优点，现已广泛应用于矿山开采、航空、电动车驱动、机床设备等诸多工业领域。而用于检测转子位置信息的位置传感器给SRD带来了系统可靠性降低、安装调试不便、成本和复杂度增加等不利影响，成为SRM推广普及的瓶颈，因此，SRM无位置传感器控制技术研究具有极为重要的工程实用意义。本文针对SRM启动及高低速驱动运行不同工作状态，研究了一种基于复平面电感模型无位置控制方案。本文首先对国内外在SRM启动及驱动运行不同工作状态下转子位置检测技术的研究成果进行了总结，介绍了SRM工作原理、基础数学方程及数学模型，讨论了常用的控制策略和运行特性。之后，本文采用了JMAG有限元和半周期激励两种方法对18.5kW实验样机进行了磁链特性曲线获取，给出了两种方法的磁链获取原理及步骤，并通过了JMAG软件对18.5kW SRM的磁通密度和磁场强度进行了三维有限元仿真分析，此外，文章还对以上两种磁链获取方法得到的18.5kW样机磁链结果进行了分析。再次，，本文针对SRM启动、低速及高速驱动运行状态下转子位置检测问题，提出了一种基于复平面电感模型的全速度范围无位置传感器控制方案。文章从复平面电感模型与转子角度之间存在的函数关系入手对角度估计的原理进行了说明，并给出了利用SRM磁链特性求解复平面电感模型三项系数的方法，进一步分析了不同扇区内角度估计的误差。在此基础之上，详细阐述了启动和低速驱动运行三相电感及高速驱动运行参考相电感获取方法，给出了各状态下参考相选择规律，分析了电感饱和效应对低速驱动运行时转子角度估计的影响，并采取了三项系数补偿措施以消除影响。通过MATLAB仿真对不同工作状态下转子位置检测方法的可行性进行了验证。此外，本文还给出了从启动、低速到高速驱动运行全速度范围无位置传感器控制方案，并对方案中的高低速无位置算法的切换策略进行了可行性仿真验证。最后，本文介绍了无位置传感器实验平台的软硬件设计，并对提出的全速度范围无位置控制算法进行了全面的实验验证，验证结果表明本文提出的启动、低速及高速驱动各运行状态下的无位置传感器控制算法均具有较高可行性。
[Abstract]:Switched reluctance motor (SRM) has the advantages of simple structure, flexible control, the advantages of fault tolerance, and switched reluctance motor drive system (SRD) is combining the advantages of two DC speed control system, has been widely used in mining, aviation, electric vehicles, machine tools and other equipment in many industrial fields for the position. The sensor for detecting the rotor position information brings the system reliability to reduce SRD, installation inconvenience, the adverse effects of cost and complexity increase, become a bottleneck, so the popularization of SRM, SRM on the technology for position sensor control has very important practical significance. This paper SRM start-up and high speed driving operation work state of a sensorless control scheme based on complex plane inductance model.
This paper first summarizes the research results of rotor position detection technology under different working conditions of SRM startup and drive operation at home and abroad, introduces the working principles, basic mathematical equations and mathematical models of SRM, and discusses the commonly used control strategies and operation characteristics.
Then, this paper uses JMAG finite element and semi periodic excitation of two methods in 18.5kW experimental prototype are the flux curve to obtain flux, two methods are given for the acquisition principle and steps, and through the JMAG software of 18.5kW SRM magnetic flux density and magnetic field of three dimensional finite element simulation analysis, in addition, 18.5kW the article also gets the prototype flux above two flux methods were analyzed.
Again, according to the SRM start, low and high speed driving rotor position detection problem of running condition, proposes a sensorless control scheme based on complex plane inductance model in full range of speed. The principle of the angle estimation are described with the function of the relationship between the complex plane inductance model and the rotor angle are given, and the method of using SRM flux characteristic of solving complex plane inductance model three coefficient, further analysis of the errors of different sectors of the angle estimation. On this basis, elaborated on startup and operation of three-phase inductance and low speed drive high-speed driving method for running the reference phase inductance, gives each state reference phase selection rules, analysis inductor saturation effect on the estimation of the rotor angle of low-speed operation, the three coefficient of compensation and take measures to eliminate the impact of MATLAB through imitation. The rotor position detection method under different working conditions and the feasibility is verified. In addition, this paper gives from the start, low to high speed drive running full speed range sensorless control scheme, the switching strategy and the scheme of high speed sensorless algorithm for the feasibility of simulation.
At last, this paper introduces the hardware and software design of sensorless experimental platform, and sensorless control algorithm is verified by experiments on the proposed comprehensive full range of speed, the verification results show that the proposed start, low and high speed driving condition without position sensor control algorithm has good feasibility.

【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM352

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