炭气凝胶的制备及对膨胀石墨基双极板的改性研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 20:40

本文关键词：炭气凝胶的制备及对膨胀石墨基双极板的改性研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：质子交换膜燃料电池是一种能量转换装置。质子交换膜燃料电池与传统的发电装置相比不受卡诺循环限制，因此具有更高的能量转化率。以氢作燃料、以氧作氧化剂，且在低温下即可运行，所以对环境污染较小。质子交换膜燃料电池应用广泛，不仅可以作为汽车、船舶的动力源，而且可以作为小型的移动电源等。其中双极板是质子交换膜燃料电池的重要组成部分，所以它的性能在很大程度上影响着质子交换膜燃料电池的广阔前景。本实验体系首先制备反应原料，制备实验所需的碳填料球型炭气凝胶、膨胀石墨、热塑性酚醛树脂。分别对原料进行了红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析、X-射线衍射光谱性能测试和结构表征。其次，分别采用熔融混合法和吸附复合法制备了膨胀石墨基复合材料双极板，熔融混合法以膨胀石墨和粉末状酚醛树脂为原料进行直接混合，经过粗混、球磨混合、模压固化，混合工艺操作简单。吸附复合法以膨胀石墨和热塑性酚醛树脂为原料，利用膨胀石墨能够吸附油性大分子的性质，二者混合比较充分。实验结果证明不同制备工艺、不同含量的原料配比对复合材料双极板有一定的影响。结果显示吸附复合法制备的膨胀石墨基复合材料双极板的性能比熔融混合工艺好，当树脂含量在35~50wt.%时双极板的综合性能较优。最后，采用不同工艺添加碳填料球型炭气凝胶制备改性膨胀石墨基复合材料双极板，并对其进行相关的性能测试和结构表征。性能测试主要包括复合材料及改性复合材料的抗折强度测试、电导率大小测试。实验相关数据表明碳填料球型炭气凝胶的添加对膨胀石墨基双极板的性能有一定的提高作用，增大了复合材料的电导率和机械强度，，降低了复合材料的体积密度和接触角等。炭气凝胶含量在2wt.%左右改性复合材料的性能最佳。
[Abstract]:Proton exchange membrane fuel cell is an energy conversion device. Compared by Kano looprestriction proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation device with the traditional, so it has higher efficiency of energy conversion. Using hydrogen as fuel, oxygen as oxidant, and the temperature can be run, so less environmental pollution. The proton exchange membrane fuel cells are widely used, not only can be used as a car, ship power, and can be used as mobile power small. The bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell is an important component, so its performance has a great influence on the broad prospects of proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
In this experiment, we first prepared the raw materials to prepare carbon filled carbon spheres, expanded graphite and thermoplastic phenolic resin. The raw materials were characterized by IR, SEM, TG, X- ray diffraction, and the structural characterization.
Secondly, respectively expanded graphite composite bipolar plate substrate prepared by melt mixing method and adsorption composite method, melt mixing method with expanded graphite powder and phenolic resin as raw materials were mixed directly, through coarse mixing, ball milling and mixing, molding curing, mixing process is simple. The adsorption composite method with expanded graphite and thermoplastic phenolic resin as raw material, using expanded graphite adsorption properties to oily molecules, two are mixed fully. The experimental results show that the different preparation process, the ratio of raw materials of different contents have certain influence on the composite bipolar plate. Results show that the performance of expanded graphite composite bipolar plate composite prepared by melt mixing adsorption ratio the process is good, overall performance when the resin content in 35~50wt.% bipolar plate is better.
Finally, using different process adding carbon filler spherical carbon aerogels were prepared by modified expanded graphite composite bipolar plate base, and performance testing and characterization on the related performance test mainly includes composite materials and modified composite flexural strength test, conductivity test. The experimental data show that the size of carbon filler spherical carbon aerogels add on properties of expanded graphite based bipolar plate to a certain extent, the composite conductivity and mechanical strength, reduce the volume of the composite density and contact angle. The content of carbon aerogel modified composite material is about 2wt.% in the best performance.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM911.4;O613.71

【参考文献】