基于电力系统碳排放流理论的碳排放分摊模型

发布时间：2018-01-12 07:25

本文关键词：基于电力系统碳排放流理论的碳排放分摊模型　出处：《长沙理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：因人类活动导致温室气体的过多排放而造成的全球气候变暖给人类发展带来了严峻的挑战。欲有效缓解和抑制全球变暖趋势,减少CO2排放是最直接有效的方法。电力系统作为我国CO2排放主要排放部门,需承担重要减排责任。系统内部,对生产环节实时产生的CO2排放其产权进行合理分配,每个具有产权的参与者根据分配结果进行责任承担,有利于系统内部减排资源的优化配置等并最终促进国家在国际上减排目标顺利完成。因此,电力系统碳排放分摊模型的建立具有明显实际意义。对此,本课题基于电力系统碳排放流理论,建立了电力系统实时碳排放分摊模型。所做主要研究内容如下：首先,详细介绍碳排放流理论的定义及其指标体系,讨论碳排放流理论及其计算方法适用于分摊模型的特点优势。由于分摊模型的实际操作对象为实际有损网络,针对原有碳流计算方法仅适用于无损网络的局限性,在分析电力潮流等边界约束对碳流分布影响后,改进了适用于有损网络的碳流计算方法,并详细梳理介绍其过程步骤。其次,在改进并适用于有损网络的碳流分布计算方法基础上,针对原碳流分布机理特征分析模型仅适用于无损网络和偏重碳流转移路径分析两个特点,增加机组注入碳排放流与系统支路有功损耗引起的碳排放流关联分析部分,使溯源模型侧重于生产-消费角度分析。同时,辅以逆流潮流追踪进行对比验证,对比算例结果及分析皆验证了模型的正确性与优越性。最后,借鉴电力系统负荷分析理论,将火电机组产生碳排放按照其所对应电能的用途分成综合用电负荷碳排放、网损碳排放、厂用电碳排放等3部分。在此思路下,提出了电力系统碳排放分摊目标及原则,并建立了详细的碳排放分摊模型,包括明确的分摊对象、合适的时间尺度、科学的计量方法、合理的分摊配额以及详细的模型步骤等。通过算例及详细的分摊模型使用注意事项与细节分析说明,结果验证了该分摊模型的科学合理性以及在操作性、可行性等方面所具有优势。本文以电力系统碳排放流为基础,对电力系统碳排放分摊模型进行了讨论与设计,并通过算例分析证明了所建立模型和求解算法的正确性和可行性,希望对电力系统的碳排放产权分配及责任分摊研究与政策制定都具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Global warming caused by excessive emissions of greenhouse gases caused by human activities has brought severe challenges to human development, in order to effectively mitigate and suppress the trend of global warming. Reducing CO2 emissions is the most direct and effective method. As the main emission department of CO2 in China, the power system has to bear important responsibility for emission reduction. The property rights of the CO2 emissions produced in real time in the production process are reasonably distributed, and each participant with the property rights is responsible according to the distribution results. It is conducive to the optimal allocation of emission reduction resources within the system and ultimately promotes the successful completion of the national emission reduction targets internationally. Therefore, the establishment of carbon emission allocation model of power system has obvious practical significance. Based on the theory of carbon emission flow in power system, a real-time carbon emission allocation model is established in this paper. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, the definition and index system of carbon emission flow theory are introduced in detail. This paper discusses the advantages of the carbon emission theory and its calculation method for the apportionment model, because the actual operating object of the apportionment model is the actual lossy network. In view of the limitation that the original carbon flow calculation method is only suitable for lossless networks, after analyzing the influence of boundary constraints such as power flow on carbon flow distribution, the carbon flow calculation method suitable for lossy networks is improved. And the detailed introduction of the process steps. Secondly, on the basis of improving and applicable to the calculation method of carbon flow distribution in lossy networks. In view of the original carbon flow distribution mechanism characteristics analysis model is only suitable for lossless network and biased carbon flow transfer path analysis of two characteristics. Increasing the correlation analysis part between the carbon emission flow and the active power loss of the system branch, the traceability model is focused on production-consumption angle analysis. At the same time, the countercurrent power flow tracing is used to compare and verify. The correctness and superiority of the model are verified by comparing the results of the examples and the analysis. Finally, the power system load analysis theory is used for reference. The carbon emissions generated by thermal power units are divided into three parts according to the use of their corresponding electric energy: carbon emissions from integrated power load, carbon emissions from net loss, carbon emissions from power plants, and so on. The paper puts forward the goal and principle of carbon emission allocation in power system, and establishes a detailed model of carbon emission allocation, including clear allocation object, appropriate time scale and scientific measurement method. Reasonable allocation quota and detailed model steps. Through calculation examples and detailed allocation model using notes and details analysis, the results verify the scientific rationality and operability of the allocation model. Based on the carbon emission flow of power system, this paper discusses and designs the model of carbon emission allocation in power system. The correctness and feasibility of the established model and algorithm are proved by the example analysis. It is hoped that the model will have some reference value for the research on the distribution of carbon emission property rights, the allocation of responsibility and the policy formulation of power system.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X773

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