三代核电站数字化系统共因故障的纵深防御与多样性分析

发布时间：2018-01-13 05:19

本文关键词：三代核电站数字化系统共因故障的纵深防御与多样性分析　出处：《上海交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：核电站最早的仪控(IC)系统使用模拟技术,由分立式IC部件组成。随着数字化技术的不断发展和逐渐成熟,数字化IC技术已经在核电站得到了广泛的应用和推广。通常,数字化IC系统由硬件和软件组成,硬件设备与早期的模拟技术设备具有相似的特性和故障类型。然而,由于软件的应用和多个冗余序列之间软件的交互使用导致防共因故障(CCF)的能力弱,因此核电站IC系统针对CCF的防御问题也随之从硬件扩展到软件。所以在核电站数字化系统设计过程中要重点关注CCF的防御以及纵深防御与多样性(D3)防御方法的应用,尤其是对可靠性等性能指标要求更高的三代核电站更应该高度关注。本文首先针对IC系统中CCF进行了研究与分析,总结出了CCF的类型和形成机理,并提出了CCF所使用的D3防御方法。然后,从D3的概念、技术要求和必要性等方面对D3技术进行了研究和分析,并将D3技术应用于三代核电站数字化IC系统中,分析了D3的应用技术,总结出数字化系统中D3技术的特点。进而将D3与CCF进行结合分析了三代核电站数字化系统中D3对于CCF的应对方式以及技术难点。最后,基于故障树分析方法,分别对非D3系统和D3系统进行故障树建模和计算比较,对D3针对CCF的防御和阻断能力进行了评价和分析,发现D3系统的失效概率明显低于非D3系统。通过本论文对三代核电站数字化IC系统CCF的D3分析,认为在三代核电站数字化IC系统中D3的应用可以有效的防御和降低CCF在IC系统中的危害和影响,D3是一种CCF防御的有效的手段,并可以在一定程度上提高全数字化IC系统的可靠性和安全性等实际的应用指标,提高国内DCS平台的设计能力,为我国早日实现DCS平台国产化提供参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:The earliest nuclear power plant instrument control system uses analog technology, which is composed of discrete IC parts. With the development of digital technology, it is becoming more and more mature. Digital IC technology has been widely used and popularized in nuclear power plants. Usually, digital IC system is composed of hardware and software. Hardware devices have similar characteristics and fault types to early analog technology devices. However, due to the application of software and the interactive use of software between multiple redundant sequences, the ability of CCFs to prevent common cause faults is weak. Therefore, the defense of nuclear power plant IC system against CCF also extends from hardware to software. Therefore, in the design process of digital nuclear power plant system, we should pay attention to the defense of CCF, the defense in depth and diversity (. D3) the application of defense methods. Especially for the third generation nuclear power plants which require higher reliability and other performance indicators, we should pay more attention to the third generation nuclear power plants. Firstly, the CCF in IC system is studied and analyzed, and the type and formation mechanism of CCF are summarized. The D3 defense method used by CCF is put forward. Then, the D3 technology is studied and analyzed from the concept, technical requirements and necessity of D3. The D3 technology is applied to the digital IC system of the third generation nuclear power station, and the application technology of D3 is analyzed. This paper summarizes the characteristics of D3 technology in digital system, and then combines D3 with CCF to analyze how D3 can deal with CCF and its technical difficulties in the third generation digital system of nuclear power plant. Finally. Based on the fault tree analysis method, the fault tree modeling and calculation of non-D3 system and D3 system are carried out, and the defense and blocking ability of D3 against CCF is evaluated and analyzed. It is found that the failure probability of D3 system is obviously lower than that of non-D3 system. The D3 analysis of the digital IC system CCF of the third generation nuclear power plant is carried out in this paper. It is considered that the application of D3 in the digital IC system of the third generation nuclear power station can effectively defend and reduce the harm and influence of CCF in IC system. It is an effective means of CCF defense. To some extent, it can improve the reliability and security of digital IC system, and improve the design ability of domestic DCS platform. It provides reference and reference for our country to realize the localization of DCS platform at an early date.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM623

【共引文献】