火电厂汽包水位控制器性能评估及优化

发布时间：2018-01-13 06:34

本文关键词：火电厂汽包水位控制器性能评估及优化　出处：《长沙理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前,各工业企业都在不断推进自动化程度,火力发电行业亦是如此,随着火力发电行业自动化水平的不断提高,对控制器进行维护以保证控制品质已经越来越得到企业的重视。本文针对火电厂汽水系统控制器性能的评估问题,进行了理论研究及软件的开发和应用,具体工作如下：在理论上,对单回路、前馈-反馈以及串级控制器性能评估问题进行了研究,对汽包水位控制器使用最小方差方法进行了评估,较好的解决了火电厂汽包水位控制器控制性能的评估问题。在使用最小方差方法评估汽包水位串级三冲量控制器的过程中,将其改进为前馈-反馈控制系统,并进行了相关的扰动研究。对火电厂汽包水位控制器进行了研究,首先使用基于摩擦模型的改进遗传算法进行优化,得到的PID参数,模拟结果在超调和控制速度方面优于参比结果,但仍然有一定的超调。其次,基于这种情况,对汽包水位控制器本身进行改进,在控制函数之间增加一个负反馈,改进后的控制器在原参数不变的情况下相对于参比结果超调量方面有所下降。最后,对改进过的控制器进行遗传算法的主PID参数寻优,得到的结果在超调量和控制速度上优于之前的结果。开发LPAss控制回路性能评估软件,实现对火电机组汽水系统运行性能的监测与评估。LPAss软件在大唐来阳发电厂试验运行的结果表明,该软件能较好的实现对电厂汽水控制系统的性能监测与评估,有效地减少了因汽水系统控制器控制品质下降导致的电厂停机,同时也降低了控制人员的劳动强度。在火力发电行业,基于本文提到的最小方差及改进遗传算法对汽包水位控制器性能进行评估和优化的方法,还未在公开发表的文章中看到,本文提出的火电厂汽水系统控制性能评估软件,还未见相关报道。便于火电厂控制系统操作及维护人员,随时进入软件系统,调取运行数据从而获得当下控制器的控制水平,大大简化了控制系统评估的工作量,具有在火力发电系统中进行推广使用的前景,对于提高火力发电厂控制水平具有非常重要的实践意义。
[Abstract]:At present, the industrial enterprises are constantly promoting the degree of automation, thermal power industry is the same, with the continuous improvement of the level of automation of thermal power industry. More and more attention has been paid to the maintenance of the controller to ensure the control quality. In this paper, theoretical research and software development and application are carried out to evaluate the performance of the steam water system controller in thermal power plant. The main work is as follows: in theory, the performance evaluation problems of single loop, feedforward feedback and cascade controller are studied, and the minimum variance method is used to evaluate the drum water level controller. It solves the problem of evaluating the control performance of the steam drum water level controller in thermal power plant. In the process of using the minimum variance method to evaluate the cascade three impulse controller of the steam drum water level, it is improved as a feedforward feedback control system. The related disturbance is studied. Firstly, the improved genetic algorithm based on friction model is used to optimize the PID parameters of steam drum water level controller in thermal power plant. The simulation results are better than the reference results in the speed of overharmonic control, but there is still some overshoot. Secondly, based on this situation, the drum water level controller itself is improved. Add a negative feedback between the control functions, the improved controller in the case of the original parameters invariant relative to the results of the overshoot decreased. Finally. The main PID parameters of the improved controller are optimized by genetic algorithm, and the results are superior to the previous results in overshoot and control speed. The performance evaluation software of LPAss control loop is developed. Monitoring and evaluating the performance of steam and water system of thermal power units. LPASS software is tested in Datang Lai Yang Power Plant. The software can monitor and evaluate the performance of steam and water control system in power plant, and effectively reduce the power plant shutdown caused by the deterioration of the control quality of the steam water system controller. At the same time, it also reduces the labor intensity of the control personnel. In the thermal power industry, based on the minimum variance mentioned in this paper and the improved genetic algorithm to evaluate and optimize the performance of the drum water level controller. It has not been seen in the published article that the control performance evaluation software of steam and water system of thermal power plant has not been reported yet. It is convenient for the operation and maintenance of the control system of thermal power plant to enter the software system at any time. In order to obtain the control level of the current controller, it greatly simplifies the workload of the evaluation of the control system, and has the prospect of popularizing and using in the thermal power generation system. It is of great practical significance to improve the control level of thermal power plant.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM621.6

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