新型纳米结构太阳能电池的制备及性能表征

发布时间：2018-01-14 07:31

本文关键词：新型纳米结构太阳能电池的制备及性能表征　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)是第三代薄膜太阳能电池中发展的较为成熟的太阳能电池。与传统的硅晶太阳能电池相比,它具有成本低、来源广泛、制备工艺简单等优点,所以近些年来备受关注。但是其自身也存在着一定的缺陷,如现在公认的使用效果最好的N719染料制备过程比较复杂,且钉金属价格昂贵,有机染料对近红外光区吸收相对较弱,染料激发寿命短、稳定性差等。所以,研究和开发新的材料来代替有机染料是DSSC发展的一个方向和趋势。本课题研究重点为利用Sb2S3纳米粒子代替有机染料作为敏化剂制备TiO2-Sb2S3共敏化基太阳能电池,并对其性能和效率进行研究探讨；制备层状钙钛矿型有机-无机金属卤化物薄膜并与多孔Ti02组成复合光阳极,研究复合光阳极对增加电子捕获能力,抑制光生电子-空穴的复合及提高光电转换效率的意义。主要研究内容包括以下三个方面： (一)对染料敏化太阳能电池制备过程中最佳条件的选择研究。通过利用不同尺寸的Ti02浆料制备光阳极,不同的光阳极后处理方法,不同的染料以及不同的封装方法制备出不同的DSSC,经过对比研究,得出制备DSSC的最佳条件为：采用20nm TiO2纳米颗粒与200nm TiO2纳米颗粒组成复合薄膜电极；复合电极使用TiCl4或Ti02溶胶后处理；浸泡含有鹅去氧胆酸共吸附剂CDCA的N719染料；使用双面胶封装。在最佳条件下制备的染料敏化太阳能电池的光电流密度为13.10mA·cm·2,光电转化效率为5.4%,较之前提高了2%-3%左右。 (二)采用化学沉积法制备Sb2S3纳米粒子,并与多孔Ti02组成TiO2-Sb2S3复合光阳极,分别以P3HT和固态电解质CuSCN作为空穴传输层,以Ag为对电极组装Sb2S3量子点敏化太阳能电池。使用XRD、SEM、TEM、UV-Vis等对复合电极进行表征测试。测量出FTO/TiO2/Sb2S3/P3HT/PEDOT/Ag结构太阳能电池和FTO/TiO2/Sb2S3/CuSCN/Ag结构太阳能电池光电转化效率分别为0.34%和0.47%。 (三)分别使用旋涂法和分步沉积法在多孔Ti02薄膜上制备层状钙钛矿型有机-无机金属卤化物薄膜,并以spiro-OMe-TAD作为空穴传输层,以Ag为对电极,分别组装不同的层状钙钛矿型有机-无机杂化太阳能电池。使用XRD、SEM、EDX、 TEM、UV-Vis、TG-DSC等对复合电极进行表征测试。采用旋涂法制备的FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI2Cl/Spiro-OMe-TAD/Ag电池光电转化效率分别为0.28%和0.71%。采用分步沉积法制备的FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI2Cl/Spiro-OMe-TAD/Ag结构电池、FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/Spiro-OMe-TAD/Ag结构电池光电转化效率分别为1.13%和1.80%。
[Abstract]:The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a solar battery more mature development of the third generation thin film solar cells. Compared with the traditional silicon solar cell, it has the advantages of low cost, wide source, has the advantages of simple preparation process, so in recent years much attention. But it also has some defects, process N719 dye preparation such as it is now recognized as the best complex, and expensive metal nail, organic dye and near-infrared light absorption dye is relatively weak, short life, poor stability and so on. Therefore, the research and development of new materials to replace the organic dye is a direction and trend of the development of DSSC.
The research focuses on the use of Sb2S3 nanoparticles instead of organic dyes as sensitizers for preparation of TiO2-Sb2S3 based co sensitized solar cells, and to study its performance and efficiency; preparation of layered perovskite type organic-inorganic composite film and metal halide light anode and porous Ti02, of complex light anode to increase electron capture ability. Inhibition of electron - hole recombination and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency significantly.
The main research contents include the following three aspects:
(a) to select the best condition in the process of preparation of dye-sensitized solar cell system. By using different sizes of Ti02 slurry preparation of light anode, light anode after different processing methods, different dyes and different packaging methods were prepared by different DSSC, through the comparative study, the optimum conditions for the preparation of DSSC the TiO2 is using 20nm nanoparticles and 200nm TiO2 nanoparticles composite film electrode; TiCl4 or Ti02 sol after using the composite electrode; N719 dye containing chenodeoxycholic acid coadsorbent CDCA; use double-sided adhesive package. The photocurrent density of dye-sensitized solar cell prepared under the optimum conditions for 13.10mA. Cm - 2, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 5.4%, higher than the previous 2%-3%.
(two) preparation of Sb2S3 nanoparticles by chemical deposition method, and the composition of TiO2-Sb2S3 composite photoanode and porous Ti02, respectively by P3HT and CuSCN as solid electrolyte with Ag as hole transport layer, the electrode assembly of Sb2S3 quantum dot sensitized solar cell. The use of XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis and other characterization testing of composite electrode is measured. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of FTO/TiO2/Sb2S3/P3HT/PEDOT/Ag solar cell structure and FTO/TiO2/Sb2S3/CuSCN/Ag structure of solar cell was 0.34% and 0.47%. respectively.
(three) using spin coating method and step deposition method for preparing layered perovskite type organic-inorganic metal halide film on the porous Ti02 film, and spiro-OMe-TAD as hole transport layer, using Ag as the electrode, were assembled perovskite type layered organic-inorganic hybrid of different solar cells. The use of XRD, SEM. EDX, TEM, UV-Vis, TG-DSC were characterized by FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI2Cl/Spiro-OMe-TAD/Ag test of composite electrode. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of cell prepared by spin coating are respectively 0.28% and 0.71%. using FTO/TiO2/ CH3NH3PbI2Cl/Spiro-OMe-TAD/Ag structure cell deposition step, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/Spiro-OMe-TAD/Ag cell structure were 1.13% and 1.80%.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM914.4;TB383.1

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