超声电机驱动控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 11:50

本文关键词：超声电机驱动控制技术研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：超声电机作为一种基于压电原理的微型电机，不产生电磁干扰，具有低速大转矩的特性。它这一特殊优势使其成为微型电机的研究热点。行波型旋转超声电机是一类具有代表性的超声电机。由于复杂的多变量、强耦合和时变特性，，超声电机建模复杂，其优良特性的发挥有赖于驱动控制系统的性能。本文以实现超声电机的驱动控制为目的，构建了超声电机仿真模型，分析了驱动电路方案与调速控制方法，实现并验证了一种驱动控制电路。本文首先构建了一种适用于驱动控制研究的仿真模型。仿真模型以两相驱动电压和负载转矩为输入量，以电机转速为输出量，综合了超声电机等效电路模型和解析模型的部分特点，为驱动控制方案的研究提供了基础平台。超声电机的驱动电路由信号发生电路、功率放大电路、匹配电路和供电电源四个部分组成。本文分析了不同功率逆变拓扑的特点，论证了三相桥式逆变拓扑用于两相驱动的可行性；分析了不同匹配电路的功能与特点，给出了串联电感匹配、LLCC网络匹配的参数设计方法。本文指出了三相桥式逆变电路驱动超声电机时，调压、调频与调相与PWM控制信号的之间的时序关系，分析了调速方法的具体实现方案；分析了孤极电压反馈信号在调频、调压与调相过程中的变化规律，给出了孤极反馈用于频率跟踪控制的总体方案。本文最后以FPGA为控制核心设计并实现了一种超声电机驱动控制器。驱动控制器采用三相桥式功率逆变拓扑，LLCC网络作为匹配电路，采集孤极电压反馈信号实现频率跟踪。给出了驱动控制器软硬件设计方案，对其进行了实验测试，验证了基本的驱动控制功能。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic motor is a kind of miniature motor based on piezoelectric principle . It does not produce electromagnetic interference . It has the characteristic of low - speed and large torque . It is a kind of representative ultrasonic motor . In this paper , a simulation model suitable for the research of drive control is built . The simulation model takes two - phase drive voltage and load torque as the input quantity , the motor speed is output , the equivalent circuit model of the ultrasonic motor and part of the analytical model are integrated , and the basic platform is provided for the research of the drive control scheme . The driving circuit of the ultrasonic motor consists of four parts : signal generating circuit , power amplifying circuit , matching circuit and power supply power supply . The characteristics of different power inverter topologies are analyzed . The feasibility of three - phase bridge inverter topology for two - phase driving is demonstrated . The function and characteristics of different matching circuits are analyzed , and the parameter design method of series inductance matching and LLCC network matching is given . In this paper , the timing relationship between voltage regulation , frequency modulation and phase modulation and PWM control signal is analyzed in the three - phase bridge inverter circuit , and the specific realization scheme of the speed regulation method is analyzed . The regularity of the feedback signal in frequency modulation , voltage regulation and phase modulation is analyzed , and the general scheme of the single pole feedback for frequency tracking control is given . In this paper , an ultrasonic motor drive controller is designed and realized with FPGA as the control core . The drive controller uses three - phase bridge power inverter topology , LLCC network as matching circuit , and collects the isolated pole voltage feedback signal to realize frequency tracking . The hardware and software design scheme of the drive controller is given , and the basic drive control function is verified .

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM359.9

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