车用燃料电池耐久性研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 20:36

本文关键词：车用燃料电池耐久性研究　出处：《化学进展》2015年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：经过世界范围内近十年的持续研发,车用燃料电池在能量效率、体积与质量功率密度、低温启动等功能特性方面已经取得了突破性进展,新一轮的燃料电池汽车产业化浪潮正在迫近。然而,燃料电池的耐久性仍没达到商业化目标,且耐久性问题涉及面广、挑战大,成为当前燃料电池汽车产业化的主要棘手问题,构成了车用燃料电池在车辆技术方面产业化的最后障碍。车用燃料电池的耐久性已经引起了世界各国研究人员的广泛关注,本文归纳分析了车用燃料电池催化剂及其载体、质子交换膜及电极离子导体、气体扩散层、金属双极板等关键材料及部件的性能衰减机制,以及梳理了应对性能衰减的新材料、新技术与系统控制策略等耐久性最新研究进展,最后对车用燃料电池失效机制及其缓解研究提出了新的方向,以期对认识和提升燃料电池耐久性具有指导和借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:After nearly ten years of continuous research and development in the world, vehicle fuel cells in energy efficiency, volume and mass power density, low-temperature start-up and other functional characteristics have made a breakthrough. A new wave of fuel cell vehicle industrialization is approaching. However, the durability of fuel cell has not reached the target of commercialization, and the durability problem involves a wide range of challenges. It has become the main thorny problem of fuel cell automobile industrialization. It constitutes the last obstacle to the industrialization of vehicle fuel cell technology. The durability of vehicle fuel cell has attracted the attention of researchers all over the world. In this paper, the performance attenuation mechanism of some key materials and components, such as vehicle fuel cell catalyst and its carrier, proton exchange membrane and electrode ionic conductor, gas diffusion layer, metal bipolar plate and so on, are summarized and analyzed. The latest research progress of durability, such as new materials, new technology and system control strategy, is combed. Finally, a new direction for the research of vehicle fuel cell failure mechanism and its mitigation is put forward. In order to understand and improve the durability of fuel cells has guidance and reference significance.
【作者单位】：清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院;清华大学汽车工程系汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(No.U1462112) 科技部国际合作项目(No.2013DFG41460,2013DFG60080) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2012CB215401) 家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2013AA110202)资助~~
【分类号】：TM911.4;U469.72
【正文快照】： Contents1 Introduction2 The degradation of proton exchange membrane fuelcell2.1 The degradation mechanism of Pt catalyst2.2 The degradation mechanism of carbon support forcatalyst2.3 The degradation of proton exchange membraneand electrode ionomer2.4 The

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