Fe-B-Cu基非晶和纳米晶软磁材料的成分和工艺优化

发布时间：2018-01-16 23:20

本文关键词：Fe-B-Cu基非晶和纳米晶软磁材料的成分和工艺优化　出处：《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：FeB-基软磁材料，在电子、电力工业应用中得到广泛的应用。从发现第一块纳米晶软磁体，经过了几十年的发展。通过对不同成分、不同工艺制备的FeB-基软磁合金的研究，在饱和磁感应强度Bs、矫顽力Hc和磁损耗P等关键磁性能的优化上取得了极大进步。本文首先研究了传统FeSiBCuP合金的制备及其淬态合金的磁性能，为进一步研究奠定了基础。进而，结合近期研究热点，研究了具有优异磁性能的FeBCu合金。作者在大量文献阅读的基础上，采用熔体甩带法和适当的退火处理工艺制备了非晶纳米晶软磁材料。运用XRD、DSC、SEM、VSM、软磁直流测量装置等测试表征手段分析了材料的结构与性能。研究了不同元素的添加和不同的热处理工艺对材料最终磁性能的影响。主要研究内容和结论如下：（1）传统FeSiBCuP合金的研究结果表明，高Fe（大于84at.%）含量下很难得到完全非晶的淬态材料； Si的添加对材料的磁损耗有较大的恶化作用；Cu的添加对材料具有一定的促进晶化的作用；P可能具有增强非晶形成能力的作用；Fe/B含量的微小调整不会对材料性能造成很大影响。因此，在研究中要选择合适的Fe含量和合理的成分。在淬态合金的XRD测试结果表明，贴辊面与自由面之间的温度梯度会造成(200)方向取向。（2）具有(200)取向的Fe83.5B15Cu1.5(1)合金，在390℃热处理10min后获得最优性能：最大饱和磁感应强度Bsmax=1.83T，矫顽力Hc=8.7A/m。自由面预先晶化的α-Fe不仅提高了晶化程度，而且还抑制了晶粒的长大。非晶状态的Fe83.5B15Cu1.5(2)合金随热处理温度升高，矫顽力Hc和Bs增大。在420℃热处理10min后，Bsmax=1.75T，Hc=9.2A/m。由于热处理形核质点较少，非晶条带对晶化的促进以及晶粒长大的抑制能力较弱，晶粒尺寸长大趋势较快，磁性能相对较低。预处理的非晶Fe83.5B15Cu1.5(2)合金Bs在1.80T左右，矫顽力较低。延长热处理时间，矫顽力Hc明显增大，说明由于保温时间的延长，虽然可能一定程度有利于α-Fe更多的析出，但此时晶粒的尺寸会迅速的增大，导致矫顽力恶化，甚至出现第二相。（3）非晶状态的Fe83.5B15Cu1.5(2)合金经300℃处理后再420℃热处理10min，Bs=1.78T，Hc=12.5A/m。相比于直接420℃热处理10min的，晶化度得到一定提高，晶粒尺寸相近，相应的磁性能也得到改善。这是由于300℃的预处理获得了更多的Cu团簇，促进了α-Fe的形核以及抑制晶粒的粗大。（4）Fe83.5B15-xCu1.5Px合金随P含量的增加，合金矫顽力Hc降低，α-Fe的热稳定性提高，抑制了杂相的形成。随着热处理温度的升高，晶粒长大，，矫顽力整体呈上升趋势；在没有第二相的情况下，合金矫顽力Hc相对平稳地上升，说明淬态材料中含有的α-Fe在后期处理中具有抑制晶粒长大的作用，从而控制了矫顽力Hc增大的趋势。在P含量x=4时，即Fe83.5B11Cu1.5P4合金，470℃热处理10min获得最优性能：Bs=1.78T，Hc=36A/m。
[Abstract]:FeB- based soft magnetic materials, widely used in electronics, electric power industry application. From that the first piece of nanocrystalline soft magnet, after decades of development. According to the different components of FeB- based soft magnetic alloy prepared by different processes, the saturation magnetic induction Bs, great progress optimization the coercivity of Hc and magnetic loss P key magnetic properties. This paper studies the traditional preparation of FeSiBCuP alloy and quenched alloy magnetic properties, laid the foundation for further study. Then, combined with the recent research focus, FeBCu alloy has excellent magnetic properties were studied.
Based on the extensive literature reading, amorphous and nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials were prepared with the rejection method and appropriate annealing treatment process by melt. The use of XRD, DSC, SEM, VSM, DC measurement of soft magnetic device test characterization of structure and properties of materials were analyzed. The effects of different elements added and different heat treatment process on the magnetic properties of materials. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) research on traditional FeSiBCuP alloy. The results showed that high Fe content (more than 84at.%) it is difficult to completely non quenched amorphous material; adding Si magnetic loss of material deterioration effect is bigger; the addition of Cu has a certain effect on the crystallization promoting material; P may have enhanced amorphous forming ability; micro adjustment will not Fe/B content has a great influence on the material properties. Therefore, to choose a suitable Fe content and reasonable composition in the study. The test results of XRD quenched alloy shows that the temperature gradient between the roll surface and the free surface will cause the (200) direction.
(2) with (200) orientation of Fe83.5B15Cu1.5 (1) alloy, achieving optimum performance at 390 DEG 10min after heat treatment: the maximum saturation magnetization Bsmax=1.83T, the coercivity of Hc=8.7A/m. free surface pre alpha -Fe not only improves the crystallization degree of crystallization, but also restrain the growth of grains. The amorphous state (Fe83.5B15Cu1.5 2) alloy with the heat treatment temperature increases, the coercivity of Hc and Bs increased. Bsmax=1.75T at 420 DEG C after 10min heat treatment, heat treatment, Hc=9.2A/m. as nucleation point less amorphous ribbons on the crystallization and the improvement of the grain growth inhibition ability is weak, the grain size trend of rapid, relatively low magnetic properties. Pretreatment of amorphous Fe83.5B15Cu1.5 (2) alloy Bs at around 1.80T, the coercivity is low. Prolonged heat treatment time, the coercivity of Hc obviously increased, indicating that due to the holding time, although it may to a certain extent in favor of alpha -Fe more precipitation, but this The size of the grain increases rapidly, causing the coercive force to deteriorate and even the second phase.
(3) the amorphous state of Fe83.5B15Cu1.5 (2) alloy after 300 treatment after heat treatment at 420 10min, Bs=1.78T, Hc=12.5A/m. compared to 420 DEG C direct heat treatment 10min, crystallinity was improved, the grain size is similar to that of the corresponding magnetic properties are also improved. This is due to the pretreatment of 300 DEG C to obtain the more Cu clusters, promote the alpha -Fe nucleation and restrain the grain coarsening.
(4) Fe83.5B15-xCu1.5Px alloy increases with the content of P, the coercivity decreased Hc, improve the thermal stability of alpha -Fe, inhibited the formation of other phases. With the increase of heat treatment temperature, grain growth, the coercive force of the overall upward trend; in the absence of the second phase case, the coercivity of Hc relative rose steadily, that alpha -Fe containing quenched materials can inhibit the grain growth in the later processing, thereby controlling the coercivity of Hc increases. The content of P in x=4, Fe83.5B11Cu1.5P4 alloy, 10min heat treatment of 470 DEG C for optimal performance: Bs=1.78T, Hc=36A/m.

【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM271.2

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