三相电机驱动系统逆变器故障检测及容错技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 19:45

本文关键词： 逆变器开路故障故障检测电压检测法冗余容错　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着三相电机驱动系统在工业、商业、军事、交通、航空航天等领域的广泛应用,提高系统的可靠性就变得尤为重要。三相电机驱动系统一般由电机、逆变器、传感器和控制器构成,其中逆变器却是故障高发区,其可靠性直接关系到整个驱动系统的安全和稳定。为了提高系统的可靠性,本文针对三相电机驱动系统中逆变器的故障检测和容错控制策略展开了深入研究。首先,本文研究了逆变器开路故障检测方法,包括专家系统法、电流检测法和电压检测法。针对基于三相电流的误差电压法只能检测单管开路故障的缺点进行了改进,仿真结果表明:本文改进的电压检测法,通过增加一个辅助的检测变量和简化输入量实现了15种开路故障的检测和定位;然后采用冗余开关管替换故障管的方法实现了全部27种开路故障的检测和定位,并消除了部分开路故障存在的不确定性。其次,本文研究了逆变器的容错控制策略,重点研究了硬件拓扑重构与软件控制策略相结合的容错技术。在深入研究相冗余容错拓扑的基础上,通过将相冗余容错拓扑中第四个桥臂上的两个开关管拆开独立使用,对其进行了改进。仿真结果表明:本文改进的冗余容错拓扑,不仅实现了单管开路、单管短路、单相开路、单相短路故障的容错控制,还能对不同桥臂上的一个上管和一个下管同时发生开路或短路故障的情况进行容错。最后,本文设计了基于dSPACE的硬件在环实验平台,进行了实验验证。实验结果表明:本文改进的电压检测法,大约经过一个多电流周期的时间,不仅能够实现全部27种开路故障的实时在线检测和定位,而且消除了部分开路故障存在的不确定性。而本文改进的冗余容错拓扑,在保持逆变器输出功率、控制策略和控制方式不改变的情况下,相对于相冗余容错拓扑,还能对不同桥臂上的一个上管和一个下管同时发生开路或短路故障的情况进行容错。通过及时的故障检测和容错控制,提高了系统的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of three-phase motor drive system in industrial, commercial, military, transportation, aerospace and other fields, it is particularly important to improve the reliability of the system. The sensor and controller are composed of inverter, which is a high fault area, its reliability is directly related to the safety and stability of the whole drive system, in order to improve the reliability of the system. In this paper, the fault detection and fault-tolerant control strategy of inverter in three-phase motor drive system is deeply studied. Firstly, the open circuit fault detection method of inverter, including expert system method, is studied in this paper. The error voltage method based on three-phase current can only detect the fault of single open circuit fault. The simulation results show that the improved voltage detection method is improved. The detection and location of 15 kinds of open circuit faults are realized by adding an auxiliary detection variable and simplifying the input. Then, the method of replacing fault tube with redundant switch tube is used to detect and locate all 27 kinds of open circuit faults, and the uncertainty of some open circuit faults is eliminated. Secondly. In this paper, the fault-tolerant control strategy of inverter is studied, and the fault-tolerant technology which combines hardware topology reconfiguration with software control strategy is studied, based on the in-depth study of redundant fault-tolerant topology. The two switch tubes on the fourth leg of the redundant fault-tolerant topology are separated and used independently, and the simulation results show that the improved redundant fault-tolerant topology not only realizes the single-tube open circuit. The fault-tolerant control of single-circuit, single-phase open circuit and single-phase short-circuit fault can also be used for fault tolerance of one upper tube and one lower tube on different bridge arms at the same time. The hardware in loop experiment platform based on dSPACE is designed and verified. The experimental results show that the improved voltage detection method in this paper passes through a multi-current cycle time. Not only can all 27 kinds of open circuit faults be detected and located on line in real time, but also the uncertainty of some open circuit faults can be eliminated. The improved redundant fault-tolerant topology in this paper keeps the output power of the inverter. The control strategy and control mode are not changed, relative to the phase redundancy fault-tolerant topology. It can also be used for fault tolerance of open or short circuit faults in one upper tube and one lower tube on different arms. The reliability of the system can be improved by timely fault detection and fault tolerant control.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM464

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