风光互补反渗透海水淡化系统优化设计研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 23:10

本文关键词： 风光互补反渗透设计计算遗传算法优化　出处：《上海海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人类社会的生存发展离不开两个重要的条件——水与能源，然而地球上的总体水资源中只有3%是可以供人使用的，世界上正有25%的人口无法喝到足够的淡水。同时，随着全球气候变暖，干旱与沙漠增多，人口数量增多，环境污染等等问题日趋严重，现有可用淡水资源越来越少，而对水的需求却与日俱增。我国是一个淡水资源严重缺乏的国家，从取之不尽用之不竭的海水来获取淡水，并使淡水在低成本内较长时间大量存储，是解决水资源短缺的重要手段之一。但是，海水淡化是高能耗产业，随着传统能源短缺问题日益凸显，可再生能源的利用得到了广泛的关注，其中，太阳能和风能发电技术也逐渐成熟。利用风光互补为海水淡化提供能源供给，是同时解决水资源和传统能源危机的有效途径。本文首先综述了新能源在海水淡化领域的利用情况、风光互补发电系统的发展现状以及海水淡化设备的研究发展趋势，提出开发具有较为成熟基础技术的风光互补海水淡化工程意义重大。然后将完整系统分成两大主要模块进行了详细的介绍，即风光互补供电模块和海水淡化模块，详细论述了完整风光互补反渗透海水淡化系统的组成和工作原理。其次，，以地域开阔及常年风能资源丰富的上海临港为工程设计背景，考虑风能和太阳能的分布特点，对风光互补发电系统进行匹配性设计，采用相关软件模拟水处理计算，并利用局部寻优法简单找出较为合适的匹配方案。最后引入符合风光互补反渗透的遗传算法，以全生命周期投资成本为目标函数，在全状态空间计算出最优的系统匹配方案。由于风光互补反渗透海水淡化装置的结构非常复杂，影响其运行的因素非常多，本文从理论设计的角度，以实现系统功能同时降低成本为目标，完善整理一套计算方法，对系统设计与动态优化方面做了更深的思考和探索，提出了一些装置设计的原则。
[Abstract]:The survival and development of human society can not be separated from two important conditions-water and energy. However, only 3% of the total water resources on the earth can be used by human beings. 25% people in the world are unable to drink enough fresh water. At the same time, with the global warming, drought and desert increase, population increase, environmental pollution and other problems are increasingly serious. The available freshwater resources are becoming less and less, but the demand for water is increasing. China is a country with a serious shortage of freshwater resources, from the inexhaustible seawater to obtain fresh water. It is one of the important methods to solve the shortage of water resources. However, seawater desalination is a high energy consumption industry, with the traditional energy shortage increasingly prominent. The use of renewable energy has been widely concerned, among which solar and wind power generation technology is gradually maturing. The use of solar energy to provide energy supply for desalination. It is an effective way to solve the crisis of water resources and traditional energy at the same time. In this paper, the utilization of new energy in seawater desalination field, the current situation of solar power generation system and the research trend of seawater desalination equipment are reviewed in this paper. It is of great significance to develop the complementary sea water desalination project with mature basic technology. Then the whole system is divided into two main modules in detail, that is, wind power supply module and seawater desalination module. The composition and working principle of the complete scenery complementary reverse osmosis seawater desalination system are discussed in detail. Secondly, based on the engineering design background of Shanghai Lingang, which has open area and abundant wind energy resources all year round, considering the distribution characteristics of wind and solar energy, the matching design of wind-wind complementary power generation system is carried out. The relevant software is used to simulate the calculation of water treatment, and the local optimization method is used to find out the more suitable matching scheme. Finally, the optimal system matching scheme is calculated in the whole state space with the objective function of the whole life cycle investment cost by introducing the genetic algorithm which accords with the complementary reverse osmosis of wind and wind. Because of the complex structure and many factors affecting the operation of the wind complementary reverse osmosis seawater desalination plant, this paper aims to realize the system function and reduce the cost from the angle of theoretical design. In this paper, a set of calculation method is perfected, and the system design and dynamic optimization are considered and explored, and some principles of device design are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P747;TM61

【参考文献】