永磁同步电机的建模及控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 19:55

本文关键词： 永磁同步电机空间矢量控制鲁棒控制混合灵敏度遗传算法　出处：《燕山大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机(permanent magnet synchronous motor，简称PMSM)采用高磁能稀土永磁材料制成。由于其中心转子没有励磁绕组，与其他驱动电机相比，PMSM结构简单、效率高、功率密度大并且控制特性良好，因此永磁同步电机被作为高性能运动控制的理想执行单元被广泛应用于工农业生产中。本文以表贴式永磁同步电机为研究对象，对永磁同步电机的数学模型进行了分析。推导了PMSM系统在三种坐标系之间相互转换的关系，得到了PMSM系统在两相旋转坐标系下的数学模型。其次，针对电机驱动时，需要一个圆形旋转磁场对中心转子进行拖动，建立了空间矢量脉宽调制模块生成PWM波。采用直轴电流为零的电流控制策略，建立了PMSM的速度、电流双闭环控制系统，并结合传统PID控制策略进行仿真研究。该仿真验证了PMSM系统的空间矢量控制算法和电流控制策略。针对PMSM系统在建模中存在的模型不确定性问题，，运行过程中存在的转速跟踪问题和负载扰动问题，给出了一种遗传算法优化的鲁棒混合灵敏度控制方法。根据系统鲁棒性设计要求，应用鲁棒混合灵敏度标准控制模型进行控制器设计。对于加权函数选取中存在的矛盾，将问题转换成多目标问题，编写成适应度函数，进行程序设计，利用遗传算法对加权函数进行优化求解，使设计的控制器控制效果达到最优。本文综合利用了遗传算法和鲁棒混合灵敏度控制方法的优点，设计了优化后的控制器并进行了仿真研究。遗传优化后的PMSM鲁棒控制系统提高了电机在运行过程中的抗干扰性能和转速跟踪性能。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor permanent magnet synchronous motor. PMSM) is made of high magnetic energy rare earth permanent magnetic material. Because the center rotor of PMSM has no excitation winding, compared with other drive motors, PMSM has simple structure and high efficiency. Because of its high power density and good control characteristics, PMSM is widely used in industrial and agricultural production as an ideal executive unit for high performance motion control. In this paper, the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is analyzed, and the relationship between the three coordinate systems of PMSM system is deduced. The mathematical model of PMSM system in two phase rotating coordinate system is obtained. Secondly, when the motor is driven, a circular rotating magnetic field is needed to drive the center rotor, and the space vector pulse width modulation module is established to generate PWM wave. The direct axis current is zero. The speed and current double closed loop control system of PMSM is established and simulated with traditional PID control strategy. The simulation verifies the space vector control algorithm and current control strategy of PMSM system. Aiming at the uncertainty of the model in the modeling of PMSM system, the speed tracking problem and the load disturbance problem in the running process. A robust hybrid sensitivity control method based on genetic algorithm is presented. The controller is designed by using the robust mixed sensitivity standard control model. For the contradiction in the selection of weighting function, the problem is converted into a multi-objective problem, and the fitness function is written for programming. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize the weight function, and the control effect of the controller is optimized. In this paper, the advantages of the genetic algorithm and the robust hybrid sensitivity control method are comprehensively utilized. The optimized controller is designed and simulated. The genetic optimization PMSM robust control system improves the anti-interference performance and speed tracking performance of the motor during operation.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

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