梯形波永磁无刷直流电机的两种控制方案及其相关问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 12:28

本文关键词： 梯形波永磁无刷直流电机 120度导通型矢量控制 180度导通型矢量控制转子位置信息估计空间矢量调制弱磁控制　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：梯形波永磁无刷直流电机(Brushless DC Motor, BLDC)作为一种典型的机电体化系统,因其具功率密度高,调速性能好、结构可靠性高等优点,而被广泛用于工业各个领域。随着对BLDC传动系统性能要求的不断提高,对各种控制方案进行完善就显得尤为重要。由于传统方波电流控制方案不利于BLDC的弱磁扩速,其被应用范围自然受到了一定的限制。本文从矢量控制的角度出发,围绕着BLDC的两种控制方案：120度导通型的方波控制方案和180度导通型的矢量控制方案进行了研究,以期获得实用的弱磁扩速方案。与正弦波永磁同步电机不同,考虑到BLDC电机定子绕组感应电势为梯形波的特点,本文首先建立了基于定子反电动势矢量定向的BLDC的数学模型,为进一步研究上述两种控制方案奠定理论基础。针对120度导通型的方波控制方案,本文从定子电流基本矢量的角度出发提出了一种新型的电流综合矢量控制方案。该方案不仅适用于基速以下的恒转矩区,而且对基速以上的恒功率区也十分有效,从而将120度导通型的方波控制方案扩展至弱磁区。考虑这种全新的电流综合矢量控制方案需要全部的转子位置信息,为此,本文还根据三个霍尔位置传感器所获得的转子位置信息设计了转子位置估计器。该转子位置估计器对霍尔位置传感器的安装位置具有一定的鲁棒性。对于180度导通型的矢量控制方案,本文参照传统的基于转子磁链定向的正弦波永磁同步电机矢量控制方案,建立了基于定子反电动势矢量定向的适用于梯形波反电势的BLDC矢量控制方案。该控制方案结合了过调制区和电压极限圆约束,从而使整个系统可以可靠地运行在基速以上的弱磁区。论文对上述两种控制方案的有效性进行了仿真研究,并对各自的特点和性能的优劣进行了比较。
[Abstract]:As a typical electromechanical system, trapezoidal permanent magnet brushless DC motor (BLDCM) has high power density and good speed regulation performance. The structure has the advantages of high reliability, and has been widely used in various fields of industry. With the continuous improvement of the performance requirements of BLDC transmission system. It is very important to improve various control schemes because the traditional square-wave current control scheme is not conducive to the weak magnetic expansion of BLDC. The scope of its application is naturally limited. This paper starts from the point of view of vector control. This paper studies two control schemes of BLDC: 120 degree conduction square wave control scheme and 180 degree conduction vector control scheme. Different from sinusoidal permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the stator winding induction potential of BLDC motor is considered as trapezoidal wave. In this paper, the mathematical model of BLDC based on vector orientation of stator backEMF is established, which lays a theoretical foundation for the further study of the two control schemes mentioned above, aiming at the 120-degree conduction square-wave control scheme. In this paper, a novel current synthesis vector control scheme is proposed from the point of view of the basic stator current vector, which is not only suitable for the constant torque region below the base speed. And it is also very effective for the constant power range above the base speed. Therefore, the 120 degree conduction square wave control scheme is extended to the weak magnetic field. Considering this new current synthesis vector control scheme, all rotor position information is needed. The rotor position estimator is designed according to the rotor position information obtained from three Hall position sensors. The rotor position estimator is robust to the installation position of Hall position sensor. The vector control scheme of degree conduction type. This paper refers to the traditional vector control scheme of sinusoidal permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on rotor flux orientation. A BLDC vector control scheme for trapezoidal wave inverse EMF based on stator backEMF vector orientation is established. The control scheme combines overmodulation region and voltage limit circle constraints. So that the whole system can run reliably in the weak magnetic field above the base speed. The effectiveness of the two control schemes is simulated in this paper, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two control schemes are compared.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM33

【参考文献】