无位置传感器BLDC电机控制器研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 14:15

本文关键词： 无刷直流电机无位置传感器控制反电势过零点法换相控制 Matlab仿真建模　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无刷直流电机（Brushless Direct Current Motor，BLDCM）由于其结构简单、良好的可控性，，调速性能好，运行效率，方便维护等优点，被认为是21世纪最有发展前途和广泛应用前景的电子控制电机。无位置传感器BLDC电机的出现，使得电机结构变得更加简单，使其应用范围进一步扩大，且控制优势更为明显。本论文主要围绕无位置传感器BLDC电机的控制方法从理论和实践进行深入的研究。首先，本文对无刷直流电机的优势、发展和应用进行了简要的介绍，从电机控制系统角度通过对电机结构，六步法控制原理，检测转子位置所应用的方法等的介绍分析了BLDC电机的基本工作原理，同时给出了BLDC电机的数学模型以及等效电路。其次，制定了本文所研究无位置传感器BLDC电机的控制策略，介绍了PWM调制，反电势过零点法检测转子位置，所选择的电机启动方式。然后，在基于本文所制定的电机控制方案的基础上，搭建了无位置传感器无刷直流电机控制系统的Matlab/Simulink的仿真模型，分析各个功能模块构成与作用。通过Matlab/Simulink仿真调试所搭建的模型来验证控制方法的可行性，为实际搭建的控制系统硬件平台的调试奠定了基础。最后，本文介绍了控制系统硬件设计，介绍了控制器的主控部分和驱动部分各个相关电路的设计。按照之前指定的控制方法对控制器完成了性能测试，并对调试结果进行了分析与总结，从整体上总结本课题所做的工作，分析了调试中所遇到的问题，并对下一步工作做出展望。
[Abstract]:Because of its simple structure , good controllability , good speed regulation , efficiency and convenient maintenance , the brushless DC motor is regarded as the most promising and widely used electronic control motor in the 21st century . Firstly , the advantages , development and application of the brushless DC motor are briefly introduced . The basic working principle of the bldc motor is analyzed from the angle of the motor control system through the introduction of the motor structure , the six - step control principle , the method of detecting the rotor position and so on , and the mathematical model and equivalent circuit of the bldc motor are also given . Secondly , the control strategy of sensorless bldc motor without position sensor is developed . PWM modulation is introduced , and the rotor position is detected by the inverse potential zero crossing method , and the selected motor starting mode is introduced . Then , on the basis of the motor control scheme developed in this paper , the simulation model of Matlab / Simulink of sensorless brushless DC motor control system is built , and the structure and function of each function module are analyzed . The feasibility of the control method is verified by simulation and debugging of Matlab / Simulink , which lays a foundation for debugging the hardware platform of the control system . Finally , the hardware design of the control system is introduced , the main control part of the controller and the design of the relevant circuits of the driving part are introduced . The performance test of the controller is finished according to the control method specified before , and the debugging results are analyzed and summarized , the problems encountered in the debugging are analyzed , and the prospect of the next step is made .

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM33

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