三相电压型PWM整流器的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-02-14 20:17

本文关键词： 三相PWM整流器滑模控制 PI控制前馈解耦五段式空间矢量调制 DSP　出处：《安徽大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：21世纪是科技时代信息时代,科技的不断创新给人们的生产生活各个方面都带来了极大的便利。各种电子产品的广泛应用使得人们对电子产品的依赖度也越来越高,电子产品中大量使用的整流器装置所产生的谐波和无功量对电网污染问题日益严重,PWM整流器能够很好的解决这一问题。与传统二极管不控整流和晶闸管相控整流相比,三相电压型脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Modulation, PWM)整流器具有网侧电流正弦化、功率因数高、电能可双向传输等优点,符合“绿色能源”的要求,它广泛应用于静止无功发生器(SVG)高压直流(HVDC)传输、超导磁储能(SMES)有源电力滤波(APF)和其他领域。目前普遍采用旋转坐标系下双环PI控制策略,PI调节器虽然易于实现,但由于PWM整流器的非线性特征难以满足快速动态响应、输入电流畸变小和单位功率因数的要求。采用滑模变控制结构可以很好解决PWM整流器的非线性问题。三相PWM整流器是一个时变非线性、强耦合系统,控制系统复杂。在本设计中采用电流内环前馈解耦策略,电压外环滑模控制策略,在分析其原理的基础上给出了系统的硬件设计和软件程序设计,最后以MATLAB仿真软件为平台进行仿真实验,实验结果验证了这种控制策略的可行性和优越性。首先,归纳总结了几种常见的PWM整流器的拓扑结构,在分析三相电压型PWM整流器的工作原理的基础上,重点分析了其一般数模型与两相旋转坐标系下的数学模型及其模型的建立,并对两者之间的转换关系做了介绍,最后详细介绍了电流内环前馈解耦的控制策略和基于滑模的电压外环控制策略。其次,在理论分析的基础上给出了三相电压型PWM整流器控制系统的硬件和软件设计得到了整个系统的总体结构图。硬件设计详细介绍了主电路中交流侧电感L和直流侧电容C的作用以及选取原则,对于驱动电路和检测电路也做了介绍。软件设计方面主要采取模块化的设计方式增加了系统的可读性和可移植性大大缩短了研发周期。给出了系统软件的主程序和中断服务子程序等程序的流程图。介绍了软件系统的整体构成和各部分之间的关系。最后,根据设计需要给定参数,搭建了Matlab的仿真平台,给出稳态情况下和动态情况下的仿真实验结果并做出来分析,仿真实验验证了设计方法的可行和有效性。
[Abstract]:21th century is the information age of the scientific and technological era. The continuous innovation of science and technology brings great convenience to all aspects of people's production and life. The extensive application of various electronic products makes people rely more and more on electronic products. The harmonic and reactive power produced by the widely used rectifier in electronic products can solve this problem very well. Compared with the traditional diode uncontrolled rectifier and thyristor phase-controlled rectifier, the PWM rectifier can solve this problem. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) rectifier with three-phase voltage-mode pulse width modulation (PWM) has the advantages of sinusoidal current, high power factor and two-way transmission of electric energy, which meets the requirements of "green energy". It is widely used in SVG high voltage DC) transmission, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) active power filter (APFF) and other fields. However, the nonlinear characteristics of PWM rectifier are difficult to meet the requirements of fast dynamic response, small input current distortion and unit power factor. The nonlinear problem of PWM rectifier can be well solved by using sliding mode variable control structure. The three-phase PWM rectifier is a time-varying nonlinear, strongly coupled system, and the control system is complex. In this design, the current inner loop feedforward decoupling strategy and the voltage outer loop sliding mode control strategy are used. On the basis of analyzing its principle, the hardware design and software program design of the system are given. Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out on the platform of MATLAB simulation software. The experimental results verify the feasibility and superiority of the control strategy. Firstly, the topology of several common PWM rectifiers is summarized. Based on the analysis of the working principle of three-phase voltage-source PWM rectifier, In this paper, the general number model and the mathematical model in two-phase rotating coordinate system are analyzed, and the transformation relationship between them is introduced. Finally, the current internal loop feedforward decoupling control strategy and the sliding mode based voltage outer loop control strategy are introduced in detail. Secondly, Based on the theoretical analysis, the hardware and software design of the three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier control system is given. The overall structure of the system is obtained. The hardware design introduces the AC side inductor L and the DC side in the main circuit in detail. The function and selection principle of capacitance C, This paper also introduces the drive circuit and the detection circuit. The modularization design method is adopted to increase the readability and portability of the system. The main program of the system software is given. The whole structure of the software system and the relationship between each part are introduced. Finally, the simulation platform of Matlab is built according to the design requirements, and the simulation results under steady and dynamic conditions are given and analyzed. The simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the design method.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM461

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