基于DSP的三相异步电动机软启动节能装置的研制

发布时间：2018-02-16 00:54

本文关键词： 软起动节能晶闸管 DSP 异步电机仿真　出处：《黑龙江大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：三相交流异步电动机具有结构简单、运行可靠和价格低廉等优点而被广泛应用。但是异步电动机存在启动电流大,对电网和电动机本身产生严重影响,以及在轻载或空载运行状态时,功率因数和效率大大降低,造成电能浪费的问题。为了改善电机的启动特性和提高效率,新型异步电动机节能控制装置被广泛研究。本文的主要工作与结论是：比较分析了目前国内外常用的电机启动和节能的方法。阐述了晶闸管三相交流调压和调压节能的原理。对斜坡电压启动和限流启动、电流斜坡起动、软停机控制启动四种电机软启动的控制方式进行分析研究。本课题主要研究的是以DSP TMS320F2812为控制芯片的异步电动机节能软启动控制装置。利用matlab的Simlink的仿真功能,搭建了异步电机软启动系统的仿真模型,对电机的各种启动式进行了仿真实验。仿真结果验证了采用晶闸管进行三相交流调压方案的可行性,同时验证了该控制方法能有效的限制异步电机的启动电流。采用模块化的思想进行了基于DSP的控制系统设计。搭建了电机节能软启动器的试验平台,并进行了相关试验。试验结果表明本文设计的异步电机节能软启动器能够保证电机安全带载启动,有效地限制电机启动电流并在轻载状态下节能。
[Abstract]:Three-phase AC asynchronous motor is widely used because of its simple structure, reliable operation and low price. However, the induction motor has a large start-up current, which has a serious impact on the power grid and the motor itself. The power factor and efficiency are greatly reduced when running under light load or no load, which results in the waste of electric energy. In order to improve the starting characteristics and efficiency of the motor, The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows: comparing and analyzing the common methods of motor starting and energy saving at home and abroad, and expounding the thyristor three-phase AC voltage regulation and voltage regulation. Principles of energy conservation. For slope voltage startup and current limiting startup, Four kinds of soft start control methods of current ramp start and soft stop control start are analyzed and studied. This paper mainly studies the energy saving soft start control device of asynchronous motor based on DSP TMS320F2812. The simulation function of Simlink of matlab is used. The simulation model of soft start system of asynchronous motor is built, and the simulation experiments of various starting modes of induction motor are carried out. The simulation results verify the feasibility of using thyristor for three-phase AC voltage regulation. At the same time, it is verified that the control method can effectively limit the starting current of asynchronous motor. The design of control system based on DSP is carried out by using modularization idea. The test platform of motor energy saving soft starter is built. The test results show that the soft starter designed in this paper can ensure the safety belt start of the motor effectively limit the starting current of the motor and save energy under light load.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM343.2

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