基于扫描磁场的全向无线能量传输方法研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 14:18

本文关键词： 无线能量传输（WPT）磁耦合谐振式全向无线能量传输（OWPT）扫描磁场磁场分析　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无线能量传输技术（Wireless Power Transfer-WPT）是脱离传统有线电力传输的新型电能传输方法，随着麻省理工大学于2007年提出磁耦合谐振式无线能量传输方法（Magnetic Resonance Coupling Wireless Power Transfer-MCR-WPT），无线能量传输技术在近年来受到了广泛的关注。这种磁耦合谐振式无线能量传输技术具有对对人体辐射较小、对环境参数不敏感等优点，因而在嵌入式医学设备、射频识别、移动设备供电等领域有着广阔的前景。然而，这种磁耦合谐振式无线能量传输技术依赖于收发线圈间的严格正对，同时也只在几个线圈直径的传输距离内保持较高的效率，随着发射线圈和接收线圈之间距离逐步增加，传输效率会明显下降。因此需要一种可以实现全向无线能量传输的技术以及增加该技术的有效传输距离的方法来使这种无线能量传输技术更好的投入实际应用中。本文从分析求解发射线圈磁场解析模型入手，对磁耦合谐振式无线能量传输系统的磁场分布进行研究，提出了一种具有90度馈电相差的交叉线圈作为无线能量传输系统的发射器。这种发射器磁场分布的解析表达式表明其磁场方向矢量随着时间变化呈0度至360度全向周期旋转，并且其磁场强度幅度值保持不变。在此基础上，本文对提出的发射器进行了数值仿真，仿真磁场分布与解析模型吻合。随后，基于这种全向发射器，本文设计了一种工作在10MHz的全向无线能量传输系统（Omnidirectional Wireless Power Transfer-OWPT），紧接着，考虑到超常媒质具有放大倏逝波的特殊能力，我们提出了一种圆柱超常媒质结构来增强全向无线能量传输系统的工作效率，仿真结果表明这种方法可以实现全向的电能传输，并且可以利用超常媒质来增加效率。最后我们通过实物加工和测试证明了本文提出的全向无线能量传输系统具有全向能量传输能力。本文首先对无线能量传输技术的发展历史及国内外研究现状进行介绍，并通过比较整理给出各种实现方法的优缺点，随后重现了经典的磁耦合谐振式无线能量传输系统，建立仿真模型，观察各种参数对磁谐振耦合式无线能量传输的影响。其次，用磁偶极子代替线圈，利用磁偶极子近场磁场变化规律来解释磁谐振耦合式无线能量传输技术所面临的的问题，，并针对这些问题给出相应的理论解决方法。再根据解决方法设计了一种可以产生全向扫描磁场的交叉线圈作为无线能量传输系统的发射器，构造全向无线能量传输系统。紧接着，针对这种全向无线能量传输系统设计了一种圆柱形超常媒质来增加系统效率。最后通过实物加工和测试证明了本文提出的全向无线能量传输系统具有全向能量传输能力。
[Abstract]:Wireless Power Transfer-WPTis a new power transmission method, which is independent of traditional wired power transmission. With the introduction of magnetic Resonance Coupling Wireless Power Transfer-MCR-WPTW, a magnetic Resonance Coupling Wireless Power Transfer-MCR-WPTT, the technology of wireless energy transmission has attracted wide attention in recent years. Having less radiation to the human body, Because of its insensitivity to environmental parameters, it has broad prospects in the fields of embedded medical equipment, radio frequency identification, power supply for mobile devices, etc. However, This magnetically coupled resonant wireless energy transmission technology depends on the strict alignment between the receiving and transmitting coils, and at the same time, it only keeps a higher efficiency within the transmission distances of several coils, and increases gradually with the distance between the transmitting coils and the receiving coils. Therefore, it is necessary to realize omnidirectional wireless energy transmission technology and to increase the effective transmission distance of this technology in order to make this wireless energy transmission technology better put into practical application. In this paper, the magnetic field distribution of the magnetic coupling resonant wireless energy transmission system is studied by analyzing and solving the magnetic field analytical model of the transmitting coil. A cross coil with a 90 degree feed phase is proposed as a transmitter for wireless energy transmission systems. The analytical expression of the magnetic field distribution of the transmitter indicates that the magnetic field direction vector rotates in a omnidirectional period from 0 degrees to 360 degrees with time. And the magnitude of the magnetic field remains constant. On this basis, the proposed emitter is numerically simulated, and the simulated magnetic field distribution is consistent with the analytical model. Then, based on the omnidirectional emitter, An omnidirectional wireless energy transmission system, Omnidirectional Wireless Power Transfer-OWPT, is designed in this paper. Then, considering the special ability of supernormal media to amplify evanescent waves, We propose a cylindrical supernormal medium structure to enhance the efficiency of omnidirectional wireless energy transmission system. The simulation results show that this method can achieve omnidirectional power transmission. Finally, we prove that the proposed omnidirectional wireless energy transmission system has omnidirectional energy transmission capability through physical processing and testing. In this paper, the development history of wireless energy transmission technology and the current research situation at home and abroad are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of various implementation methods are compared, and then the classical magnetically coupled resonant wireless energy transmission system is recreated. The simulation model is established to observe the influence of various parameters on the magnetic resonance coupled wireless energy transmission. Secondly, the magnetic dipole is used instead of the coil. Using the magnetic dipole near field magnetic field change rule to explain the magnetic resonance coupling wireless energy transmission technology faced problems, According to the solution, a cross coil which can generate omnidirectional scanning magnetic field is designed as the transmitter of wireless energy transmission system. Construction of an omnidirectional wireless energy transmission system. A cylindrical supernormal medium is designed for this omnidirectional wireless energy transmission system to increase system efficiency. Finally, the omnidirectional wireless energy transmission system is proved to have omni-directional energy transmission capability by physical processing and testing.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM724

【共引文献】