基于暂态分量的配电网单相接地故障定位技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 16:17

本文选题：配电网　切入点：单相接地故障　出处：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的配电网大都采用小电流接地方式,系统单相接地故障定位问题长期没有得到很好的解决。现有的各种定位方法大致可以分为利用稳态分量和利用暂态分量定位两类。传统的基于故障稳态信号定位方法在实际应用中可能会出现精度降低、受中性点接地方式影响等问题；另外由于受到量测值小或者不确定的影响,此种方法难以满足实际需要。随着科学技术的高速发展,对小电流接地系统的故障暂态信号的测量已经易于实现。暂态信号通常要比稳态信号大很多,故障区段与非故障区段有着明显差异,因此利用暂态分量进行定位具有灵敏度高、受消弧设备影响较小等优点。本文第一章分析了各种传统故障定位方法的优缺点,在此基础上,第二章中根据小电流接地系统发生单相接地故障后系统的暂态特征,提出了基于模糊理论的多信息融合定位方法,融合多种暂态故障信息构成的综合判据可有效克服采取单一判据的故障定位方法存在的适应性差、定位结果可靠性低的问题。第三章提出了基于暂态分量遗传算法的定位方法,利用线路上各终端测得的暂态零序电流和电压的突变方向异同形成判据,利用遗传算法进行定位,充分利用了遗传算法的容错性,全局寻优特性。基于Matlab的仿真测试证明了定位方法的有效性,也为该方法的实用化打下了基础。根据本文第二章提出的基于模糊理论的多信息融合定位方法,已设计出相应的单相接地定位系统。经过RTDS仿真测试,其可靠性及实用性已经得到了充分验证。
[Abstract]:Most distribution networks in China use small current grounding. The problem of single-phase grounding fault location in system has not been solved well for a long time. The existing localization methods can be divided into two categories: steady state component and transient component. Traditional steady state signal location based on fault. The accuracy of the method may be reduced in practical application. Due to the influence of the neutral grounding mode, the method is difficult to meet the practical needs because of the small or uncertain measurement value. With the rapid development of science and technology, it is easy to measure the fault transient signal of small current grounding system. The transient signal is usually much larger than the steady state signal, and there are obvious differences between the fault section and the non-fault section. Therefore, the transient component has the advantages of high sensitivity and less influence by arc suppression equipment. In the first chapter of this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of various traditional fault location methods are analyzed. In the second chapter, according to the transient characteristics of single-phase grounding fault in low-current grounding system, a multi-information fusion localization method based on fuzzy theory is proposed. The comprehensive criterion based on multiple transient fault information can effectively overcome the problems of poor adaptability and low reliability of the fault location results based on the single criterion. In the third chapter, a localization method based on transient component genetic algorithm is proposed. Using the abrupt direction of transient zero sequence current and voltage measured by the terminal on the line to form a criterion, the genetic algorithm is used to locate the location. The fault tolerance and global optimization of genetic algorithm are fully utilized. The simulation results based on Matlab prove the effectiveness of the method and lay a foundation for the practical application of the method. According to the multi-information fusion localization method based on fuzzy theory proposed in the second chapter of this paper, the corresponding single-phase grounding location system has been designed. The reliability and practicability of the system have been fully verified by RTDS simulation test.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM862

【参考文献】