基于仿生向日葵追踪技术的优化与实现

发布时间：2018-03-04 23:17

  本文选题：太阳能　切入点：仿生向日葵跟踪　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着工业化进程不断推进,人类对能源的依耐性越来越强。而传统的化石燃料储量有限,终将耗尽,开发新能源迫在眉睫。太阳能具有分布广、总量大、环保等优点,在新能源领域一直都广受关注。日光跟踪技术能够有效提升太阳能系统的发电效率,具有重大的研究意义。本文分析了已有的各种跟踪方式特点,特别介绍了仿生向日葵技术。该技术具有易于模块化、精度可调、耗能低等特点。本文以该技术为基础,完成了仿真分析、系统研制、实验测试等工作。1、首先介绍了仿生向日葵跟踪技术的跟踪原理,基于路灯照明应用背景对其进行了优化,得到简化平行二轴跟踪模型。在分析太阳运行规律、日照模型后,制定了跟踪系统的跟踪范围、跟踪精度等关键参数。以跟踪范围和跟踪精度为约束,用有限元法进行了简化平行二轴跟踪系统的驱动-几何关系分析和结构应力分析,得到了驱动位移比取值,完成了跟踪系统的可靠性验证。2、系统研制分为跟踪机构设计、控制电路设计两大部分。跟踪机构设计采用模块化设计思想,完成了传感单元设计和动作单元设计;模块化传感单元将两轴传感器置于一处,简化了安装与制作;模块化动作单元采用齿轮齿条与限位开关结合的方式,保证了机构的可靠性。控制部分设计分为硬件电路设计和软件程序设计;硬件部分完成了以MSP430F149为主控芯片的单片机电路研制,电路包括单片机最小系统、信号采集模块、电机控制模块和JTAG;软件程序实现白天跟踪、夜晚休眠的功能,完成了数据采集、状态判定、夜晚休眠、比较跟踪四个部分的编写与调试。3、实验测试包括室内测试和外场测试两部分。室内测试完成了跟踪寿命、跟踪精度和跟踪速度的测试。外场测试分为跟踪性能测试和发电效率提升测试两部分;跟踪性能测试完成了跟踪系统工作时的指向误差测试与分析;发电性能提升测试通过对比带跟踪机构的光伏系统和固定光伏系统的发电表现,完成了充电功率、发电量、发电量提高百分比的测试与分析。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of industrialization, mankind's energy dependence is more and more strong. But the traditional fossil fuel reserves are limited, will eventually be depleted, the development of new energy imminent. Solar energy has a wide distribution, large amount, environmental protection and other advantages, in the field of new energy has been widely concerned. Solar tracking technology can effectively improve the efficiency of solar power generation system, which has great significance. This paper analyzes the existing tracking features, especially introduces the bionic technology. The sunflower technology has the advantages of easy modularization, adjustable precision, low energy consumption. This paper is based on the technology, developed the simulation system, test.1, first introduced the tracking principle of bionic tracking technology of sunflower street lighting, the application background was optimized based on the simplified, parallel two axis tracking model. After analyzing the operation rules of the sun, Sunshine model, established the target tracking system, tracking accuracy and so on. The key parameters in the tracking range and tracking accuracy as constraint driven geometry relation analysis and structure should be simplified parallel two axis force tracking system is analyzed by finite element method, the displacement ratio, the reliability verification of.2 tracking system, system design for tracking mechanism, the design of control circuit of two parts. The tracking mechanism design of modular design, completed the design and action unit sensing unit; modular sensing unit will be placed in a two axis sensor, simplifies installation and production; modular action unit adopts gear rack and limit switch the way to ensure the reliability of the mechanism. The control part of the design is divided into the design of hardware circuit design and software program; the hardware part, with MSP430F149 as the main control chip The circuit includes a microcontroller circuit, microcomputer system, signal acquisition module, motor control module and JTAG; to achieve the day tracking software program, the function of sleep at night, to complete the data acquisition, state determination, night sleep, tracking the four parts of the writing and debugging of the.3 test, indoor test and field consists of two parts the test finished. The indoor test track life, tracking accuracy and tracking speed test. Field test for tracking performance test and power generation efficiency of the two part of the test; tracking performance testing was completed to test and analysis of error tracking system work; power performance test of photovoltaic system by comparing the belt tracking mechanism and fixed photovoltaic system upgrade the power generation performance, the charging power, power generation, to improve test and analysis of the percentage of power generation.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM615

【参考文献】

中国期刊全文数据库 前1条

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本文编号：1567742