基于滑模观测器的PMSM无位置传感器驱动控制系统的研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 23:00

本文选题：永磁同步电机　切入点：滑模变结构控制　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机的无位置传感器控制技术近些年是电机控制领域内的一个研究热点,而且已经有很多成熟的控制策略和算法被提出和应用,但是目前为止还没有一种策略可以在低速和高速都能取得良好的控制效果,因此实际应用中需要针对具体的应用场合选择不同控制策略来组合,形成全速度范围内完整可靠的无位置控制方案。到目前为止,永磁同步电机的无位置传感器控制技术主要应用于各类压缩机和泵机的场合,比如洗衣机、空调压缩机等,这类应用场合的工作特点是大部分时间主要运行在中高速段,对中高速度段运行时的效率有较高的要求,而对于低速段运行时的性能没有特别的要求。所以,对于此类的应用场合,最佳的控制策略就是采用简单可靠的方法将电机由静止加速到正常工作的速度范围,然后再采用精确的无位置控制策略保持电机稳定高效地运行。本文在基于滑模观测器的无位置控制方法的基础上,提出一种简单可靠的启动及状态切换方法,能够实现电机在宽速度范围内的无位置传感器运行。文章的主要内容如下:首先,介绍了交流伺服技术的发展历程,重点介绍了永磁同步电机的无位置传感控制技术的发展历程及现状。然后详细的介绍了永磁同步电机的数学模型、矢量控制技术、基于滑模观测器的无位置控制系统设计。其次,在Matlab/Simulink中建立了永磁同步电机的矢量控制(0di?控制)调速系统模型,在此基础上建立基于滑模观测器的无位置传感器控制系统的模型,并提出单电流环运行的无位置启动以及控制状态切换方法。通过仿真,在理论上对无位置传感器控制系统的可行性进行验证。再次,搭建永磁同步电机控制系统的测试平台,在搭建好的实验平台上分别对电机的基本矢量控制以及无位置传感器下的运行进行实验。最后,对实验的结果进行分析。实验结果表明本文所提出的无位置传感器的控制方法切实可行,并具有较强的实用性和鲁棒性,验证了理论的正确性。
[Abstract]:The sensorless control technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has been a research hotspot in the field of motor control in recent years, and many mature control strategies and algorithms have been proposed and applied. However, there is not a strategy that can achieve good control effect at both low speed and high speed, so it is necessary to select different control strategies for specific applications in practical applications. To form a complete and reliable positionless control scheme in the full speed range. So far, the sensorless control technology of PMSM has been mainly used in various compressors and pumps, such as washing machines, air conditioners, compressors, etc. The working characteristic of this kind of application is that most of the time runs in the middle and high speed section, and the efficiency of the middle and high speed section is higher, but the performance of the low speed section is not special. For such applications, the best control strategy is to speed up the motor from rest to normal speed by a simple and reliable method. Then the precise position free control strategy is adopted to keep the motor running stably and efficiently. A simple and reliable starting and state switching method based on sliding mode observer is proposed in this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the development of AC servo technology is introduced. This paper mainly introduces the development course and present situation of the sensorless control technology of PMSM, and then introduces the mathematical model of PMSM and vector control technology in detail. The design of position free control system based on sliding mode observer. Secondly, the vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is established in Matlab/Simulink. Based on the model of speed control system, the model of sensorless position sensorless control system based on sliding mode observer is established, and the method of positionless startup and control state switching for single current loop operation is proposed. In theory, the feasibility of the sensorless control system is verified. Thirdly, the test platform of PMSM control system is built. The basic vector control and the position sensorless operation of the motor are experimented on the set up experimental platform. Finally, The experimental results show that the proposed sensorless control method is feasible, practical and robust, and the correctness of the theory is verified.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

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